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GateWay使用

news 2025/5/5 8:38:32

首先创建一个网关服务，添加对应的依赖

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies>

然后修改网关的application.yml

spring:cloud:gateway:routes:-id: item                #路由id，必须唯一uri: lb:://item-service       #lb表示负载均衡，后面的是转发的目标服务predicates:              #路由断言，判断请求是否符合以下规则，符合就转发-Path: /items/**,/search/**order: 0   #优先级，数字越小优先级越高filters:  #拦截器

路由断言有很多种类型，不多赘述，这里就写一个最常用的path路径匹配，其他查阅资料即可

主要是拦截器部分

①全局过滤器

不需要在yml文件里配置，定义之后直接生效，对全局起作用

@Component
public class AuthGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {String token = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst("Authorization");if (token == null || !"admin-token".equals(token)) {exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();}return chain.filter(exchange);}@Overridepublic int getOrder() {return -1; // 越小越先执行}
}

②自定义局部过滤器（需要自定义过滤器工厂）

@Component
public class LogGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<LogGatewayFilterConfig> {public LogGatewayFilterFactory() {super(LogGatewayFilterConfig.class);}@Overridepublic GatewayFilter apply(LogGatewayFilterConfig config) {return (exchange, chain) -> {System.out.println("日志过滤器触发: " + config.getMessage());if (config.isShowParams()) {System.out.println("请求参数：" + exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams());}return chain.filter(exchange);};}
}

application.yml使用

spring:cloud:gateway:routes:- id: test_routeuri: http://localhost:8080predicates:- Path=/test/**filters:- name: LogGatewayFilterargs:message: "正在访问 test 接口"showParams: true

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