07 APP 自动化- appium+pytest+allure框架封装

一、PO

PO 分为四层 ：base 层、pageobjects 层、testcases 层、testdata 层

• 第一层 base 层：抽取每个共同的属性及行为进行封装，定义到 basepage 类中
• 第二层 pageobjects 层： 每个页面定义为一个类，类=属性+页面操作方法
  • 属性：页面元素的定位语句 （By.xx,"‘定位语句’）====> pagelocations
  • 页面操作方法 pageobjects 层
  • web 页面可以展示很多内容 每个页面定位一个页面类 创建 xxxpage.py
  • app 页面展示内容少点 每个页面定位一个页面类 创建 xxxpage.py
• 第三层：testcases 层 项目覆盖那些流程 unittest/pytest
  • 用例1 用例2 ，用例n… 每个用例创建一个.py文件？并不是
  • 冒烟用例
  • 基于功能模块进行分类管理用例
    • 用例1：
      • 1、操作步骤：里面的操作是属于哪些页面=调用这页面类里面的方法
        实例化页面类.方法()
      • 2、断言 验证测试点是否与预期一致

pytest 和 allure 环境安装参考：用例管理框架pytest之fixtrue,conftest.py,allure报告以及logo定制

二、代码简单实现

项目框架预览：

base_page.py

import os.path
import time
from  appium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from AppFrame.common.logger import FrameLogger as Log
from AppFrame.common import dir_config as dir
import AppFrame.common.get_data as dataclass BasePage:"""BasePage:定义每个页面的相同属性及方法相同属性？获取浏览器驱动对象（数据）相同方法？元素定位、点击、输入...等等操作日志错误截图测试报告"""def __init__(self,driver: webdriver.Remote):self.driver = driver# 等待元素可见def wait_ele_visibility(self,page_name,loc,timeout=15,poll_fre=0.5):try:WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,poll_fre).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc))# WebElement对象Log().get_logger().info(f"在[{page_name}]页面，找到元素：{loc}可见")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在[{page_name}]页面，未找到元素：{loc}可见！！！")raise# 等待元素存在def wait_ele_presence(self,page_name,loc,timeout=15,poll_fre=0.5):try:WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,poll_fre).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(loc))Log().get_logger().info(f"在[{page_name}]页面，找到元素：{loc}存在")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在[{page_name}]页面，未找到元素：{loc}存在！！！")raisedef locator(self,page_name,loc):"""元素定位"""# 参数loc，里面包含两个参数# loc = (By.LINK_TEXT,'登录')# *loc，是把外面括号去掉，变成2个参数print(page_name,loc)try:el = self.driver.find_element(*loc)  # WebElement 对象Log().get_logger().info(f"在[{page_name}]页面，定位到元素：{loc}")except:Log().get_logger().info(f"在[{page_name}]页面，未定位到元素：{loc}！！！")# 失败截图self.save_screenshot(page_name)raisereturn eldef input(self,page_name,loc,value):"""输入"""try:self.wait_ele_visibility(page_name, loc)self.locator(page_name,loc).send_keys(value)Log().get_logger().info(f"在{page_name}页面，元素{loc}输入:{value}！")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在{page_name}页面，元素{loc}输入失败！")# 失败截图self.save_screenshot(page_name)raisedef click(self,page_name,loc):"""点击"""try:self.wait_ele_visibility(page_name, loc)self.locator(page_name,loc).click()Log().get_logger().info(f"在{page_name}页面，元素{loc}点击成功！")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在{page_name}页面，元素{loc}点击失败！")# 失败截图self.save_screenshot(page_name)raisedef move_element(self,page_name,loc):"""鼠标键盘操作"""try:self.wait_ele_visibility(page_name, loc)ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(self.locator(page_name,loc)).click().perform()Log().get_logger().info(f"在{page_name}页面，鼠标移动到元素:{loc}")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在{page_name}页面，鼠标移动到元素{loc}失败！")# 失败截图self.save_screenshot(page_name)raisedef save_screenshot(self,img_name):file_name = os.path.join(dir.screenshots_dir, img_name+'.png')self.driver.save_screenshot(file_name)Log().get_logger().info(f"失败截图，截取当前网页，存储的路径:{file_name}")def sleep(self,s):time.sleep(s)def switch_new_win(self):"""切换到最新打开的窗口"""wins = self.driver.window_handlesprint(wins)# 切换最后打开的窗口self.driver.switch_to.window(wins[1])def switch_iframe(self,page_name,loc):"""切换到对应的 iframe"""try:self.wait_ele_visibility(page_name, loc)self.driver.switch_to.frame(self.locator(page_name,loc))Log().get_logger().info(f"在{page_name}页面，切换到 iframe 元素{loc}成功！")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在{page_name}页面，切换到 iframe 元素{loc}失败！")# 失败截图self.save_screenshot(page_name)raise# appbasepage:# 滑屏操作  上下左右滑def swipe(self,direction,duration=1000):""":param direction:up down left right:param duration::return:"""# 获取整个app屏幕的大小size = self.driver.get_window_size()x = size["width"]y = size["height"]# 左滑if direction.lower() == "left":self.driver.swipe(start_x=x * 0.9, end_x=x * 0.2, start_y=y * 0.9, end_y=y * 0.9, duration=1000)# 右滑if direction.lower() == "right":self.driver.swipe(start_x=x * 0.2, end_x=x * 0.9, start_y=y * 0.9, end_y=y * 0.9, duration=1000)# 上拉if direction.lower() == "up":self.driver.swipe(start_x=x * 0.5, end_x=x * 0.5, start_y=y * 0.2, end_y=y * 0.9, duration=1000)# 下拉if direction.lower() == "down":self.driver.swipe(start_x=x * 0.5, end_x=x * 0.5, start_y=y * 0.9, end_y=y * 0.2, duration=1000)def press_keys(self,page_name,loc,keys:list):"""模拟键盘输入"""try:self.wait_ele_visibility(page_name, loc)self.locator(page_name,loc).click()real_value = ""for key in keys:key_code = 0meta_state = Noneflag = Nonefor k,v in key.items():if k == "key":real_value += vkey_code = data.get_yaml_data("key_code.yaml",v)if k == "flag":flag = vif k == "meta":meta_state = vself.driver.press_keycode(int(key_code), metastate=meta_state, flags=flag)Log().get_logger().info(f"在{page_name}页面，元素{loc}输入:{real_value}！")except:Log().get_logger().error(f"在{page_name}页面，元素{loc}输入失败！")# 失败截图self.save_screenshot(page_name)raise# app 自动化测试 appium
# app 自动化测试+web 自动测试整合 公共类 basepage web自动化 webbasepage  app自动化 appbasepage
# 日志+错误截图+测试报告输出

dir_config.py

import os# 根路径
base_dir = os.path.dirname( os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# 用例路径
testcases_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'testcases')
# 数据路径
testdata_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'testdata')
# 测试报告路径
reports_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'outputs/reports')
# 日志路径
logs_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'outputs/logs')
# 失败截图
screenshots_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'outputs/screenshots')
# 配置路径
config_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'config')

get_data.py

import yaml
import os
from AppFrame.common import dir_config as Dir
import jsonpathdef get_yaml_data(file_name, key=None):file_path = os.path.join(Dir.config_dir, file_name)with open(file_path, encoding="utf-8") as yaml_file:data = yaml.load(yaml_file, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)  # 字典类型if key is not None:data = jsonpath.jsonpath(data, f"$..{key}")return data[0]return data

logger.py

from AppFrame.common import dir_config as Dir
import logging
import os
import timeclass FrameLogger:def get_logger(self):# 创建日志器logger = logging.getLogger("logger")# 日志输出当前级别及以上级别的信息,默认日志输出最低级别是warningif not logger.handlers:logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)# 创建控制台处理器----》输出控制台SH = logging.StreamHandler()# 创建文件处理器----》输出文件log_path = os.path.join(Dir.logs_dir, f"log_{time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', time.localtime())}.txt")FH = logging.FileHandler(log_path,mode="w",encoding="utf-8")# 日志包含哪些内容    时间  文件  日志级别 ：事件描述/问题描述formatter = logging.Formatter(fmt="[%(asctime)s] [%(filename)s] %(levelname)s :%(message)s",datefmt='%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')logger.addHandler(SH)logger.addHandler(FH)SH.setFormatter(formatter)FH.setFormatter(formatter)return logger

start_session.py

import AppFrame.common.get_data as data
from appium.options.android import UiAutomator2Options
from appium import webdriverdef start_appium_session(port=4723, **kwargs):""" 启动会话 """# 获取启动配置参数desired_caps = data.get_yaml_data("config.yaml")# 增加其他启动参数for k, v in kwargs.items():desired_caps[k] = v# 发送命令给 appium serverdriver = webdriver.Remote(f'http://127.0.0.1:{port}',options=UiAutomator2Options().load_capabilities(desired_caps))return driver

config.yaml

'platformName': 'Android'  # 指定操作系统
'platformVersion': '12'  # 指定操作系统版本
'automationName': 'Uiautomator2'  # 默认框架
'deviceName': '127.0.0.1:62001'  # 指定设备名称
'appPackage': 'com.tal.kaoyan'  # 被操作的应用程序包名
'appActivity': 'com.tal.kaoyan.ui.activity.SplashActivity'  # 启动页面
'noReset': 'true'  # true--不重置  false--重置
'app': 'F:\Pycharm\AppAuto\Class\kaoyan_v4.5.3.apk'  # apk文件所在路径

key_code.yaml

#  """
#  KeyEvent 常量官方文档：https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent#constants
#  按键功能	     KeyCode值	  key值         说明
#
#  数字键0-9	     7 到 16	  0-9           对应数字 0 到 9
#  字母键a-z	     29 到 54	  a-z           对应字母 a 到 z（在 Android 中，大写字母的 KeyCode 与小写相同，但需通过 Meta 键（模拟 Shift） 触发）
#  空格 	         62	          blank         输入空格
#  回车	         66	          enter         确认 / 换行
#  删除	         67	          delete        删除字符（退格键）
#  @             77           @             特殊字符@
#
#  """"blank": "62"
"enter": "66"
"delete": "67"
"@": "77"
"," : "55"
"." : "56"
"~" : "126"
"*" : "15"
"0": "7"
"1": "8"
"2": "9"
"3": "10"
"4": "11"
"5": "12"
"6": "13"
"7": "14"
"8": "15"
"9": "16"
"a": "29"
"b": "30"
"c": "31"
"d": "32"
"e": "33"
"f": "34"
"g": "35"
"h": "36"
"i": "37"
"j": "38"
"k": "39"
"l": "40"
"m": "41"
"n": "42"
"o": "43"
"p": "44"
"q": "45"
"r": "46"
"s": "47"
"t": "48"
"u": "49"
"v": "50"
"w": "51"
"x": "52"
"y": "53"
"z": "54"

launch_page_loc.py

from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy
# 该页面所有的定位
user_protocol_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/tip_commit')
confirm_permission_loc= (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/tv_ok')

login_page_loc.py

from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy
# 手机号验证码登录/注册页面
phone_number_loc = (AppiumBy.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR,'new UiSelector().resourceId("com.tal.kaoyan:id/kylogin_phone_input_phonelayout")')
protocol_phone_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/loginTreatyCheckboxPhone')
get_code_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, "com.tal.kaoyan:id/kylogin_phone_input_codeget")
code_input_loc = (AppiumBy.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR,'new UiSelector().resourceId("com.tal.kaoyan:id/kylogin_phone_input_code")')
login_code_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/loginCodeLoginBtn')
password_login_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/loginRegistorcodeAndPassword')# 密码登录页面
account_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/loginEmailEdittext')
password_loc= (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/rtlLoginLayout')
protocol_password_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/loginTreatyCheckboxPassword')
login_password_loc = (AppiumBy.ID, 'com.tal.kaoyan:id/loginLoginBtn')

launch_page.py

from AppFrame.base.base_page import BasePage
import AppFrame.pagelocators.launch_page_loc as locsclass LaunchPage(BasePage):# 启动各弹窗按钮操作def launch_close_prompt(self):# -------------首次启动后弹窗处理----------------try:# 等待用户协议弹窗元素出现（最多5秒）self.click("启动页面",locs.user_protocol_loc)except Exception:pass  # 未出现弹窗，继续执行后续代码try:# 等待权限弹窗元素出现（最多5秒）self.click("启动页面",locs.confirm_permission_loc)except Exception:pass  # 未出现弹窗，继续执行后续代码

login_page.py

from time import sleepfrom AppFrame.base.base_page import BasePage
import AppFrame.pagelocators.login_page_loc as locs
class LoginPage(BasePage):# 密码登录操作def password_login(self,account,password):# 点击密码登录按钮self.click("登录",locs.password_login_loc)# 输入账户self.input("login",locs.account_loc,account)# 输入密码self.press_keys("登录",locs.password_loc,password)# 同意协议self.click("登录",locs.protocol_password_loc)# 点击登录self.click("登录",locs.login_password_loc)# 手机号验证码登录操作def code_login(self,phone_number,password):# 输入手机号self.press_keys("登录", locs.phone_number_loc, phone_number)# 同意协议self.click("登录", locs.protocol_phone_loc)# 点击获取验证码self.click("登录", locs.get_code_loc)# 等待用户输入code_value = input("请输入手机验证码")self.input("登录",locs.code_input_loc,code_value)# 点击登录self.click("登录", locs.login_code_loc)sleep(2)

test_login.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from AppFrame.pageobjects.launch_page import LaunchPage
from AppFrame.pageobjects.login_page import LoginPage
import AppFrame.common.start_session  as start
import allure
import pytest@allure.epic("项目名称：考研帮-app自动化测试")
@allure.feature("模块名称：登录模块")
class TestLogin:@allure.story("用例名称：正确账户密码登录成功")@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.NORMAL)@pytest.mark.user@pytest.mark.smokedef test_login_success(self):driver = start.start_appium_session(noReset = 'false')launch_page = LaunchPage(driver)launch_page.launch_close_prompt()login_page = LoginPage(driver)account = "17719847692"password = [{"key":"h"},{"key":"c"},{"key":"@"},{"key":"1"},{"key":"2"},{"key":"3"},{"key":"4"},{"key":"5"},{"key":"6"}]login_page.password_login(account,password)

pytest.ini

[pytest]
addopts = -vs -m 'smoke' --alluredir=outputs/logs --clean-alluredir
testpaths =  testcases/
python_files = test_*.py
python_classes = Test*
python_functions = test_*
markers = smoke: smoke testcasesuser: user testcases

run.py

import os
import time
import pytestif __name__ == "__main__":pytest.main()time.sleep(1)os.system("allure generate outputs/logs ‐o outputs/reports --clean")