使用 Poco C++ 库构建轻量级 HTTP 服务器
在现代 C++ 后端开发中,如果你需要构建一个轻量、高性能、可嵌入式的 HTTP 服务,而不愿引入重量级框架如 Boost.Beast 或 cpp-httplib,那么 Poco C++ Libraries 提供了一个优雅的解决方案。Poco 是一套广泛使用的 C++ 框架,涵盖网络、线程、文件系统、JSON/XML 等模块。
本篇文章将手把手教你如何使用 Poco 构建一个基础的 HTTP Server,并扩展为一个具备实际用途的请求处理器。
✨ 为什么选择 Poco?
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易于集成,无外部依赖(仅需 CMake + 编译 Poco)
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支持多线程、高并发
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内置 HTTPServer、WebSocket、REST 支持
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类似 Java Servlet 模型:请求/响应 + 工厂 + Handler
my_http_server/ ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── MyHttpApp.h ├── MyHttpApp.cpp ├── RequestHandlerFactory.h ├── RequestHandlerFactory.cpp └── main.cpp
项目结构
// RequestHandlerFactory.h #pragma once #include <Poco/Net/HTTPRequestHandlerFactory.h> #include <Poco/Net/HTTPRequestHandler.h> #include <Poco/Net/HTTPServerRequest.h> #include <Poco/Net/HTTPServerResponse.h>class RequestHandler : public Poco::Net::HTTPRequestHandler { public:void handleRequest(Poco::Net::HTTPServerRequest& request,Poco::Net::HTTPServerResponse& response) override; };class RequestHandlerFactory : public Poco::Net::HTTPRequestHandlerFactory { public:Poco::Net::HTTPRequestHandler* createRequestHandler(const Poco::Net::HTTPServerRequest&) override; };
// RequestHandlerFactory.cpp #include "RequestHandlerFactory.h" #include <iostream>void RequestHandler::handleRequest(Poco::Net::HTTPServerRequest& request,Poco::Net::HTTPServerResponse& response) {response.setStatus(Poco::Net::HTTPResponse::HTTP_OK);response.setContentType("text/plain");std::ostream& ostr = response.send();ostr << "Hello from Poco ServerApplication HTTP Server!\n"; }Poco::Net::HTTPRequestHandler* RequestHandlerFactory::createRequestHandler(const Poco::Net::HTTPServerRequest&) {return new RequestHandler; }
#pragma once #include <Poco/Util/ServerApplication.h> #include <Poco/Net/HTTPServer.h> #include <Poco/Net/HTTPServerParams.h> #include <Poco/Net/ServerSocket.h>class MyHttpApp : public Poco::Util::ServerApplication { protected:int main(const std::vector<std::string>& args) override; };
#include "MyHttpApp.h" #include "RequestHandlerFactory.h" #include <iostream>int MyHttpApp::main(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {Poco::UInt16 port = 8080;Poco::Net::ServerSocket svs(port);Poco::Net::HTTPServerParams* params = new Poco::Net::HTTPServerParams;params->setMaxQueued(100);params->setMaxThreads(8);Poco::Net::HTTPServer server(new RequestHandlerFactory, svs, params);server.start();std::cout << "HTTP server started on port " << port << std::endl;waitForTerminationRequest(); // 等待 Ctrl+C 或 kill 信号std::cout << "Shutting down..." << std::endl;server.stop();return Application::EXIT_OK; }
//main.cpp #include "MyHttpApp.h"int main(int argc, char** argv) {MyHttpApp app;return app.run(argc, argv); }
#CMakeLists.txt cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10) project(MyPocoHttpServer)find_package(Poco REQUIRED Net Util Foundation)add_executable(servermain.cppMyHttpApp.cppRequestHandlerFactory.cpp )target_link_libraries(serverPoco::NetPoco::UtilPoco::Foundation )
构建和运行
mkdir build && cd build cmake .. make ./server