在 Docusaurus 博客中显示文章阅读次数
原文链接
https://www.castamerego.com/blog/PageViewCounter在 Docusaurus Umami 一章中，笔者讲解了如何在 Docusaurus 中集成 Umami 进行文章阅读量统计。但他仅仅是有一个额外的数据统计页面，在本篇，笔者将介绍如何在文章中显示阅读次数
缘起
在很久之前就想给文章加一个阅读量显示的功能，但一直没有碰到合适的方案。直到最近看到 Umami 中的数据，可以筛选出每篇文章的阅读量。如果能用 api 获取到这个数据，也不失为一个"现成"的解决方案
如果还没安装 Umami，可以参考 Docusaurus Umami
Umami 获取数据
如果你使用的不是 Docusaurus，也可以参考我下面的方法来获取数据。逻辑上都是通的
首先打开 F12，找到 Network。在 web 页面中选择某篇文章，选择所有时间段，翻翻就找到了这个以 stats 开头的请求
先听笔者来分析一下，再来教你怎么找你的 api。先摘出来看一下
https://umami.castamerego.com/api/websites/e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7/stats?startAt=1727427048000&endAt=1747796846000&unit=month&timezone=Asia%2FShanghai&url=%2Fdocs%2FLatex%2FReference
前面是基础的 url https://umami.castamerego.com/api/websites/e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7/stats，这个 e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7 是 umami 中，该网站的 id。你可以直接 F12 找，也可以像下面这样去管理页面获取
再看后面的参数有五条内容，开始时间、结束时间、单位，时区和 url。其中开始时间、单位、时区都只要获取一次，写死在代码里即可；结束时间和 url 就要动态提供了
startAt=1727427048000&
endAt=1747796846000&
unit=month&
timezone=Asia%2FShanghai&
url=%2Fdocs%2FLatex%2FReference
测试
跟着上面的内容，找出所需的数据，填到下面的 python 脚本里自己试试(或者 postman 这类的也 ok)。就把下面有注释的行都换成你的数据即可
import requests
import timebaseurl = "https://umami.castamerego.com" # umami 网页 url
website_id = "e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7" # 网站 id
starttime = "1727427048000" # 开始时间
endttime = int(time.time() * 1000)
unit = "month"
timezone = "Asia%2FShanghai"artcle = "/docs/Server/Docusaurus-Umami" # 你的某一篇文章 url
artcle = artcle.replace("/", "%2F")
url = f"{baseurl}/api/websites/{website_id}/stats?startAt={starttime}&endAt={endttime}&unit={unit}&timezone={timezone}&url={artcle}"
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:data = response.json()print(data)
else:print(f"请求失败 {response.status_code}")
正常来说，如果你的url没有问题，会报 403 unauthorized。笔者当时猜测是需要 header 里的一些内容，再回去仔细一看果然有个 auth，把这个复制下来
把 auth 也贴到下面的代码里，再试试能不能获取到数据
import requests
import time# 把 auth 贴到这个里面
headers = {"Authorization": "Bearer UktYSkoOuDBHl4srL/k0/MVxuWDLt9NZIzy9kQKYAAXl6j2Jbe47OKrp1H8j3YNCXolksMtOO9l8zwb1zbyH3kAcdOaWexJF1FuHeCv18HjJ8/fikSqf62izxuQYEGFEtdx2p6ukF8OQ0S3Lap5ACdr8VGguo0qbAexF6mnURaQp7LLOK8nebcofH5oADUyrIr0JJ6MncaMgvfZBqF0FMYHMMytpxarbsMgCubeHbJWpm+kGBCvkiNoorliF5Cqbv2xrmy8gQEohNLp5lVLtXO71+mDQMWTSRWz4XVg1vkVbg5rngITVBwPDLv3jyO8qY3DXZLeJGknxNW+OdoUhaqFgH46lMEGGhg=="
}baseurl = "https://umami.castamerego.com" # umami 网页 url
website_id = "e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7" # 网站 id
starttime = "1727427048000" # 开始时间
endttime = int(time.time() * 1000)
unit = "month"
timezone = "Asia%2FShanghai"artcle = "/docs/Server/Docusaurus-Umami" # 你的某一篇文章 url
artcle = artcle.replace("/", "%2F")
url = f"{baseurl}/api/websites/{website_id}/stats?startAt={starttime}&endAt={endttime}&unit={unit}&timezone={timezone}&url={artcle}"
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
if response.status_code == 200:data = response.json()print(data)
else:print(f"请求失败 {response.status_code}")
至此已经可以获取到文章的数据了，返回的内容如下。这个 pageviews.value 就是我们要的数据了
{"pageviews": {"value": 397,"prev": 0},"visitors": {"value": 317,"prev": 0},"visits": {"value": 340,"prev": 0},"bounces": {"value": 307,"prev": 0},"totaltime": {"value": 17199,"prev": 0}
}
制作组件
笔者在本博客中实现的 UmamiPageViewCounter 组件，有以下功能
- 显示文章阅读量
- 合并中/英文数据显示
- 支持中/英文显示
- 支持缓存，避免频繁请求
- 支持实时更新，即用户点入文章后，自动更新阅读量
- 添加了一个加载的 skeleton 效果
由于本博客只用了中英文，所以有些地方偷懒了，如果读者想要添加更多语言，可以自己 diy
在制作历程中，笔者会详细介绍如何实现这个组件，以及其中逻辑
如果想直接拿来用，可以跳转到集成到 Docusaurus中
制作历程
最终版本
src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiPageViewCounter.tsx
import { useBlogPost } from "@docusaurus/plugin-content-blog/client";
import useDocusaurusContext from "@docusaurus/useDocusaurusContext";
import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";// 这里要改为你的网站内容
const baseUrl = "https://umami.castamerego.com/api/websites/e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7/stats?startAt=1727427048000";const headers = {Authorization:
// 这里要改为你的网站内容"Bearer UktYSkoOuDBHl4srL/k0/MVxuWDLt9NZIzy9kQKYAAXl6j2Jbe47OKrp1H8j3YNCXolksMtOO9l8zwb1zbyH3kAcdOaWexJF1FuHeCv18HjJ8/fikSqf62izxuQYEGFEtdx2p6ukF8OQ0S3Lap5ACdr8VGguo0qbAexF6mnURaQp7LLOK8nebcofH5oADUyrIr0JJ6MncaMgvfZBqF0FMYHMMytpxarbsMgCubeHbJWpm+kGBCvkiNoorliF5Cqbv2xrmy8gQEohNLp5lVLtXO71+mDQMWTSRWz4XVg1vkVbg5rngITVBwPDLv3jyO8qY3DXZLeJGknxNW+OdoUhaqFgH46lMEGGhg==",
};export default function UmamiPageViewCounter() {const { metadata } = useBlogPost();const { permalink } = metadata;const { i18n } = useDocusaurusContext();const { currentLocale } = i18n;const [views, setViews] = useState<number | null>(null);useEffect(() => {const cacheKey = `umami_views_${permalink}`;const timeKey = `${cacheKey}_time`;const cacheTime = 1000 * 60 * 5;const now = Date.now();const cached = localStorage.getItem(cacheKey);const cachedTime = localStorage.getItem(timeKey);if (cached && cachedTime && now - parseInt(cachedTime) < cacheTime) {setViews(parseInt(cached));} else {setViews(null);}const fetchViews = async () => {const currentTime = Date.now();const paths = permalink.startsWith("/en/")? [permalink, permalink.replace(/^\/en/, "")]: [permalink, "/en" + permalink];const requests = paths.map((path) => {const encodedPath = encodeURIComponent(path);const url = `${baseUrl}&endAt=${currentTime}&unit=month&timezone=Asia%2FShanghai&url=${encodedPath}&compare=false`;return fetch(url, { headers }).then((res) => res.json()).then((data) => data?.pageviews?.value ?? 0).catch(() => 0);});const results = await Promise.all(requests);const totalViews = results.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);setViews(totalViews);localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, totalViews.toString());localStorage.setItem(timeKey, currentTime.toString());};fetchViews();}, [permalink]);if (views == null)return (<span className="tailwind flex items-center"><span className="inline-block w-12 h-3 bg-gray-50 rounded animate-pulse relative top-[1px]" /></span>);return currentLocale === "en" ? <>{views} views</> : <>{views} 次阅读</>;
}
集成到 Docusaurus
首先要把组件添加到你的项目中，将上面最终版本的代码复制到 src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiPageViewCounter.tsx 中。并修改两处为你自己的数据
接下来在命令行使用如下命令(在你运行项目的路径下)，在弹出的提示框选择 typescript, eject
npm run swizzle @docusaurus/theme-classic BlogPostItem/Header/Info
对于不熟悉 swizzle 的读者，这条命令的作用是将一些系统组件的代码复制到你的项目中，方便你进行修改。具体这条命令会生成 src/theme/BlogPostItem/Header/Info/index.tsx 文件
在生成的文件中，我们先将刚刚的组件导入，然后再最下面的 return 语句中添加组件的调用，如下
src/theme/BlogPostItem/Header/Info/index.tsx
...
import { useDateTimeFormat } from "@docusaurus/theme-common/internal";
import UmamiPageViewCounter from "@site/src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiPageViewCounter";...export default function BlogPostItemHeaderInfo({className,
}: Props): JSX.Element {....return (<div className={clsx(styles.container, "margin-vert--md", className)}><DateTime date={date} formattedDate={formatDate(date)} />{typeof readingTime !== "undefined" && (<><Spacer /><ReadingTime readingTime={readingTime} />// 添加这两行即可<Spacer /><UmamiPageViewCounter /></>)}</div>);
}实在找不到可以把下面的代码直接贴进去
src/theme/BlogPostItem/Header/Info/index.tsx
import { translate } from "@docusaurus/Translate";
import { useBlogPost } from "@docusaurus/plugin-content-blog/client";
import { usePluralForm } from "@docusaurus/theme-common";
import { useDateTimeFormat } from "@docusaurus/theme-common/internal";
import UmamiPageViewCounter from "@site/src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiPageViewCounter";
import type { Props } from "@theme/BlogPostItem/Header/Info";
import clsx from "clsx";
import React from "react";import styles from "./styles.module.css";// Very simple pluralization: probably good enough for now
function useReadingTimePlural() {const { selectMessage } = usePluralForm();return (readingTimeFloat: number) => {const readingTime = Math.ceil(readingTimeFloat);return selectMessage(readingTime,translate({id: "theme.blog.post.readingTime.plurals",description:'Pluralized label for "{readingTime} min read". Use as much plural forms (separated by "|") as your language support (see https://www.unicode.org/cldr/cldr-aux/charts/34/supplemental/language_plural_rules.html)',message: "One min read|{readingTime} min read",},{ readingTime }));};
}function ReadingTime({ readingTime }: { readingTime: number }) {const readingTimePlural = useReadingTimePlural();return <>{readingTimePlural(readingTime)}</>;
}function DateTime({date,formattedDate,
}: {date: string;formattedDate: string;
}) {return <time dateTime={date}>{formattedDate}</time>;
}function Spacer() {return <>{" · "}</>;
}export default function BlogPostItemHeaderInfo({className,
}: Props): JSX.Element {const { metadata } = useBlogPost();const { date, readingTime } = metadata;const dateTimeFormat = useDateTimeFormat({day: "numeric",month: "long",year: "numeric",timeZone: "UTC",});const formatDate = (blogDate: string) =>dateTimeFormat.format(new Date(blogDate));return (<div className={clsx(styles.container, "margin-vert--md", className)}><DateTime date={date} formattedDate={formatDate(date)} />{typeof readingTime !== "undefined" && (<><Spacer /><ReadingTime readingTime={readingTime} /><Spacer /><UmamiPageViewCounter /></>)}</div>);
}
Doc
上面介绍了如何添加到 blog 页面，接下来是 doc 页面，略微有所不同。将下面的代码先贴到 src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiDocViewCounter.tsx
src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiDocViewCounter.tsx
import { useDoc } from "@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs/client";
import useDocusaurusContext from "@docusaurus/useDocusaurusContext";
import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";const baseUrl ="https://umami.castamerego.com/api/websites/e993a914-0864-4b88-a53c-75e46dc174d7/stats?startAt=1727427048000";const headers = {Authorization:"Bearer UktYSkoOuDBHl4srL/k0/MVxuWDLt9NZIzy9kQKYAAXl6j2Jbe47OKrp1H8j3YNCXolksMtOO9l8zwb1zbyH3kAcdOaWexJF1FuHeCv18HjJ8/fikSqf62izxuQYEGFEtdx2p6ukF8OQ0S3Lap5ACdr8VGguo0qbAexF6mnURaQp7LLOK8nebcofH5oADUyrIr0JJ6MncaMgvfZBqF0FMYHMMytpxarbsMgCubeHbJWpm+kGBCvkiNoorliF5Cqbv2xrmy8gQEohNLp5lVLtXO71+mDQMWTSRWz4XVg1vkVbg5rngITVBwPDLv3jyO8qY3DXZLeJGknxNW+OdoUhaqFgH46lMEGGhg==",
};export default function UmamiDocViewCounter() {const { metadata } = useDoc();const { permalink } = metadata;const { i18n } = useDocusaurusContext();const { currentLocale } = i18n;const [views, setViews] = useState<number | null>(null);const { slug } = metadata;const isDirectoryPage = slug.endsWith("/") || slug.endsWith("Intro");useEffect(() => {const cacheKey = `umami_views_${permalink}`;const timeKey = `${cacheKey}_time`;const cacheTime = 1000 * 60 * 5;const now = Date.now();const cached = localStorage.getItem(cacheKey);const cachedTime = localStorage.getItem(timeKey);if (cached && cachedTime && now - parseInt(cachedTime) < cacheTime) {setViews(parseInt(cached));} else {setViews(null);}const fetchViews = async () => {const currentTime = Date.now();const paths = permalink.startsWith("/en/")? [permalink, permalink.replace(/^\/en/, "")]: [permalink, "/en" + permalink];const requests = paths.map((path) => {const encodedPath = encodeURIComponent(path);const url = `${baseUrl}&endAt=${currentTime}&unit=month&timezone=Asia%2FShanghai&url=${encodedPath}&compare=false`;return fetch(url, { headers }).then((res) => res.json()).then((data) => data?.pageviews?.value ?? 0).catch(() => 0);});const results = await Promise.all(requests);const totalViews = results.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);setViews(totalViews);localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, totalViews.toString());localStorage.setItem(timeKey, currentTime.toString());};fetchViews();}, [permalink]);return (<div className="tailwind"><div className="flex justify-end items-center mt-6">{views == null ? (<span className="inline-block w-12 h-3 bg-gray-50 rounded animate-pulse relative top-[1px]" />) : currentLocale === "en" ? (isDirectoryPage ? (<>This page has been viewed {views.toLocaleString()} times</>) : (<>This article has been viewed {views.toLocaleString()} times</>)) : isDirectoryPage ? (<>该页面已被访问 {views.toLocaleString()} 次</>) : (<>本文已被阅读 {views.toLocaleString()} 次</>)}</div></div>);
}接下来在命令行使用如下命令(在你运行项目的路径下)，在弹出的提示框选择 typescript, eject
npm run swizzle @docusaurus/theme-classic DocItem/Layout
这条命令会生成 src/theme/DocItem/Layout/index.tsx 文件，将我们的组件导入，添加到如下位置即可
...
import UmamiDocViewCounter from "@site/src/components/PageViewCounter/UmamiDocViewCounter";
...export default function DocItemLayout({children}: Props): JSX.Element {...return (<div className="row">...<article>....<DocItemContent>{children}</DocItemContent><DocItemFooter />// 添加到这里<UmamiDocViewCounter />...</article><DocItemPaginator /></div>...</div>);
}和前面的 blog 有如下区别：
- 使用 useDoc 获取 url
- 将目录和文章分开，显示不同内容
代码相似度很高，就不细说了