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android 折叠屏开发适配全解析：多窗口、铰链处理与响应式布局

news 2025/5/11 10:48:10

安卓适配折叠屏指南

折叠屏设备为安卓开发带来了新的机遇和挑战。以下是适配折叠屏的关键要点：

1. 屏幕连续性检测

// 检查设备是否支持折叠屏特性
private fun isFoldableDevice(context: Context): Boolean {return context.packageManager.hasSystemFeature("android.hardware.foldable")
}// 监听折叠状态变化
val foldFeature = activity.windowManager.getDefaultDisplayFeature()foldFeature?.addListener { feature ->when (feature.state) {FoldingFeature.State.FLAT -> { /* 完全展开 */ }FoldingFeature.State.HALF_OPENED -> { /* 半折叠状态 */ }FoldingFeature.State.FOLDED -> { /* 完全折叠 */ }}
}

2. 多窗口和布局适配

使用ConstraintLayout实现灵活布局

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"><Viewandroid:id="@+id/view1"app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.5"app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/><Viewandroid:id="@+id/view2"app:layout_constraintWidth_percent="0.5"app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@id/view1"app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

使用Jetpack WindowManager处理窗口变化

val windowInfoTracker = WindowInfoTracker.getOrCreate(this)
val lifecycle = this.lifecyclewindowInfoTracker.windowLayoutInfo(this).flowWithLifecycle(lifecycle).collect { layoutInfo ->val foldingFeature = layoutInfo.displayFeatures.filterIsInstance<FoldingFeature>().firstOrNull()foldingFeature?.let { feature ->if (feature.orientation == FoldingFeature.Orientation.HORIZONTAL) {// 水平折叠updateLayoutForHorizontalFold(feature)} else {// 垂直折叠updateLayoutForVerticalFold(feature)}}}

3. 响应式设计策略

使用尺寸限定符

res/layout/                  # 默认布局layout-w600dp/           # 宽度≥600dp时的布局layout-w600dp-h480dp/    # 特定尺寸布局layout-land/             # 横屏布局

使用Jetpack Compose实现响应式UI

@Composable
fun AdaptiveLayout() {val windowSizeClass = calculateWindowSizeClass(this)when (windowSizeClass.widthSizeClass) {WindowWidthSizeClass.Compact -> { /* 手机布局 */ }WindowWidthSizeClass.Medium -> { /* 平板/折叠屏展开布局 */ }WindowWidthSizeClass.Expanded -> { /* 大屏设备布局 */ }}
}

4. 铰链区域处理

val foldingFeature = // 获取折叠特征foldingFeature?.let { feature ->val hingeBounds = feature.bounds// 避免将关键UI放在铰链区域if (view.intersects(hingeBounds)) {// 调整视图位置view.translationX = hingeBounds.right.toFloat()}
}

5. 多活动处理

<activityandroid:name=".MainActivity"android:configChanges="screenSize|smallestScreenSize|screenLayout|orientation"android:resizeableActivity="true">
</activity>