java开发连接websocket接口
建立WebSocket连接
使用Java的javax.websocket库建立WebSocket客户端连接。添加Maven依赖：
<dependency><groupId>javax.websocket</groupId><artifactId>javax.websocket-api</artifactId><version>1.1</version>
</dependency>
创建客户端类并实现Endpoint和MessageHandler：
@ClientEndpoint
public class WebSocketClient {private Session session;@OnOpenpublic void onOpen(Session session) {this.session = session;System.out.println("Connected to server");}@OnMessagepublic void onMessage(String message) {System.out.println("Received: " + message);processMessage(message);}@OnClosepublic void onClose(Session session, CloseReason reason) {System.out.println("Disconnected: " + reason.toString());}
}
连接WebSocket服务器
使用WebSocketContainer建立连接：
WebSocketContainer container = ContainerProvider.getWebSocketContainer();
container.connectToServer(WebSocketClient.class,URI.create("ws://your-websocket-server.com:port/path")
);
消息处理与数据解析
实现消息处理方法，使用JSON解析库（如Jackson）处理数据：
private void processMessage(String jsonMessage) {ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();try {JsonNode rootNode = mapper.readTree(jsonMessage);String action = rootNode.get("action").asText();JsonNode data = rootNode.get("data");switch (action) {case "query":handleQueryRequest(data);break;// 其他action处理}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
数据库查询处理
配置数据库连接（以JDBC为例）：
private void handleQueryRequest(JsonNode queryParams) {String queryType = queryParams.get("type").asText();String responseKey = queryParams.get("responseKey").asText();try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS)) {String sql = buildQuery(queryType, queryParams);ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(sql);JsonNode result = convertResultSetToJson(rs);sendResponse(responseKey, result);} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
构建响应并返回
将查询结果封装为JSON并返回：
private void sendResponse(String responseKey, JsonNode data) {ObjectNode response = JsonNodeFactory.instance.objectNode();response.put("responseKey", responseKey);response.set("data", data);try {session.getBasicRemote().sendText(response.toString());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
异常处理与重连机制
实现自动重连逻辑：
@OnError
public void onError(Session session, Throwable t) {t.printStackTrace();if (!session.isOpen()) {reconnect();}
}private void reconnect() {try {Thread.sleep(5000); // 等待5秒后重连WebSocketContainer container = ContainerProvider.getWebSocketContainer();container.connectToServer(this, URI.create(serverUri));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
完整示例整合
将所有组件整合为完整解决方案：
public class WebSocketApp {public static void main(String[] args) {try {new WebSocketClient().connect();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}@ClientEndpoint
public class WebSocketClient {// 之前的所有方法实现...public void connect() throws Exception {WebSocketContainer container = ContainerProvider.getWebSocketContainer();container.connectToServer(this, URI.create("ws://your-server.com/ws"));}
}
性能优化建议
使用连接池管理数据库连接：
// 使用HikariCP连接池
HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig();
config.setJdbcUrl(DB_URL);
config.setUsername(USER);
config.setPassword(PASS);
HikariDataSource ds = new HikariDataSource(config);
异步处理大量消息：
@OnMessage
public void onMessageAsync(String message) {CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> processMessage(message));
}
安全注意事项
实现WebSocket安全验证：
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session, @HeaderParam("Authorization") String auth) {if (!isValidToken(auth)) {throw new RuntimeException("Unauthorized");}this.session = session;
}
SSL/TLS加密连接：
container.connectToServer(WebSocketClient.class,URI.create("wss://secure-server.com/ws") // 注意wss协议
);