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使用 C 模仿 C++ 模板的拙劣方法

backend 2025/9/3 8:54:25

如下所示，准备两个宏，一个定义类型，一个定义容器大小。
使用时只要先定义这两个宏，然后再包含容器头文件就能生成不同类型和大小的容器了。但是这种方法只允许在源文件中使用，如果在头文件中使用，定义不同类型和大小的容器时会引起宏定义冲突。

#pragma once
#include "cb/cb_define.h"
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif////// @brief 模板参数。队列元素类型。///
#ifndef __template_cb_circle_deque_element_type#define __template_cb_circle_deque_element_type int
#endif////// @brief 模板参数。队列大小。///
#ifndef __template_cb_circle_deque_size#define __template_cb_circle_deque_size 100
#endif////// @brief 循环队列。///typedef struct cb_circle_deque{__template_cb_circle_deque_element_type _buffer[__template_cb_circle_deque_size];uint32_t _begin;uint32_t _end;bool _is_full;} cb_circle_deque;////// @brief 初始化。////// @param self/// @return///__cb_force_inline void cb_circle_deque_initialize(cb_circle_deque *self){self->_begin = 0;self->_end = 0;self->_is_full = false;}////// @brief 队列中的元素个数。////// @param self/// @return///__cb_force_inline int cb_circle_deque_count(cb_circle_deque *self){if (self->_is_full){return __template_cb_circle_deque_size;}if (self->_end >= self->_begin){return self->_end - self->_begin;}return __template_cb_circle_deque_size - (self->_begin - self->_end);}////// @brief 队列为空。////// @param self/// @return///__cb_force_inline bool cb_circle_deque_is_empty(cb_circle_deque *self){return self->_begin == self->_end && !self->_is_full;}////// @brief 向队列末尾添加元素。////// @param self/// @param value/// @return 添加成功返回 true, 添加失败返回 false.///__cb_force_inline bool cb_circle_deque_push_back(cb_circle_deque *self,__template_cb_circle_deque_element_type *value){if (value == NULL){return false;}if (self->_is_full){return false;}self->_buffer[self->_end] = *value;self->_end = (self->_end + 1) % __template_cb_circle_deque_size;if (self->_end == self->_begin){self->_is_full = true;}return true;}////// @brief 向队列头部添加元素。////// @param self/// @param value/// @return 添加成功返回 true, 添加失败返回 false.///__cb_force_inline bool cb_circle_deque_push_front(cb_circle_deque *self,__template_cb_circle_deque_element_type *value){if (value == NULL){return false;}if (self->_is_full){return false;}self->_begin = (self->_begin + __template_cb_circle_deque_size - 1) % __template_cb_circle_deque_size;self->_buffer[self->_begin] = *value;if (self->_end == self->_begin){self->_is_full = true;}return true;}////// @brief 弹出队列末尾元素。////// @param self/// @param out/// @return///__cb_force_inline bool cb_circle_deque_pop_back(cb_circle_deque *self,__template_cb_circle_deque_element_type *out){if (cb_circle_deque_is_empty(self)){return false;}self->_end = (self->_end + __template_cb_circle_deque_size - 1) % __template_cb_circle_deque_size;if (out != NULL){*out = self->_buffer[self->_end];}self->_is_full = false;return true;}////// @brief 弹出队列头部元素。////// @param self/// @param out/// @return///__cb_force_inline bool cb_circle_deque_pop_front(cb_circle_deque *self,__template_cb_circle_deque_element_type *out){if (cb_circle_deque_is_empty(self)){return false;}if (out != NULL){*out = self->_buffer[self->_begin];}self->_begin = (self->_begin + 1) % __template_cb_circle_deque_size;self->_is_full = false;return true;}////// @brief 获取队列中指定索引的元素。////// @param self/// @param index////// @return 如果指定索引处有元素，则返回该元素的指针，否则返回空指针。///__cb_force_inline __template_cb_circle_deque_element_type *cb_circle_deque_get(cb_circle_deque *self,int index){if (index < 0 || index >= cb_circle_deque_count(self)){return NULL;}uint32_t pos = (self->_begin + index) % __template_cb_circle_deque_size;return &self->_buffer[pos];}////// @brief 清空队列。////// @param self/// @return///__cb_force_inline void cb_circle_deque_clear(cb_circle_deque *self){self->_begin = 0;self->_end = 0;self->_is_full = false;}#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif