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Visual Studio 项目 .gitignore 文件指南

news 2025/5/14 7:03:36

Visual Studio 项目 .gitignore 文件指南

什么是 .gitignore？

.gitignore 是一个特殊的文件，用于告诉 Git 哪些文件或文件夹不需要纳入版本控制。这对于 Visual Studio 项目尤其重要，因为 Visual Studio 会生成很多你不需要手动管理的文件。

.gitignore 的作用

避免混乱：Visual Studio 会生成很多临时文件，这些文件不需要上传到 Git
保护隐私：某些文件可能包含敏感信息（如用户设置或调试日志）
提高效率：忽略不必要的文件可以让 Git 更快地工作

简洁版 .gitignore 文件

以下是一个适合新手的 .gitignore 文件内容，你可以直接复制使用：

# 忽略调试和构建输出
bin/
obj/
Debug/
Release/# 忽略用户特定文件
*.suo
*.user
*.vs/# 忽略临时文件
*.tmp
*.log# 忽略 NuGet 包
packages/
*.nupkg# 忽略 ReSharper 文件
_ReSharper*/
*.resharper# 忽略 VSCode 文件
.vscode/

全面版 .gitignore 文件

如果你需要更全面的 .gitignore 文件，可以使用以下内容：

## Ignore Visual Studio temporary files, build results, and
## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons.
##
## Get latest from https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/main/VisualStudio.gitignore# User-specific files
*.rsuser
*.suo
*.user
*.userosscache
*.sln.docstates# User-specific files (MonoDevelop/Xamarin Studio)
*.userprefs# Mono auto generated files
mono_crash.*# Build results
[Dd]ebug/
[Dd]ebugPublic/
[Rr]elease/
[Rr]eleases/
x64/
x86/
[Ww][Ii][Nn]32/
[Aa][Rr][Mm]/
[Aa][Rr][Mm]64/
bld/
[Bb]in/
[Oo]bj/
[Ll]og/
[Ll]ogs/# Visual Studio 2015/2017 cache/options directory
.vs/
# Uncomment if you have tasks that create the project's static files in wwwroot
#wwwroot/# Visual Studio 2017 auto generated files
Generated\ Files/# MSTest test Results
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*# NUnit
*.VisualState.xml
TestResult.xml
nunit-*.xml# Build Results of an ATL Project
[Dd]ebugPS/
[Rr]eleasePS/
dlldata.c# Benchmark Results
BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/# .NET Core
project.lock.json
project.fragment.lock.json
artifacts/# ASP.NET Scaffolding
ScaffoldingReadMe.txt# StyleCop
StyleCopReport.xml# Files built by Visual Studio
*_i.c
*_p.c
*_h.h
*.ilk
*.meta
*.obj
*.iobj
*.pch
*.pdb
*.ipdb
*.pgc
*.pgd
*.rsp
# but not Directory.Build.rsp, as it configures directory-level build defaults
!Directory.Build.rsp
*.sbr
*.tlb
*.tli
*.tlh
*.tmp
*.tmp_proj
*_wpftmp.csproj
*.log
*.tlog
*.vspscc
*.vssscc
.builds
*.pidb
*.svclog
*.scc# Chutzpah Test files
_Chutzpah*# Visual C++ cache files
ipch/
*.aps
*.ncb
*.opendb
*.opensdf
*.sdf
*.cachefile
*.VC.db
*.VC.VC.opendb# Visual Studio profiler
*.psess
*.vsp
*.vspx
*.sap# Visual Studio Trace Files
*.e2e# TFS 2012 Local Workspace
$tf/# Guidance Automation Toolkit
*.gpState# ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in
_ReSharper*/
*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper
*.DotSettings.user# TeamCity is a build add-in
_TeamCity*# DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool
*.dotCover# AxoCover is a Code Coverage Tool
.axoCover/*
!.axoCover/settings.json# Coverlet is a free, cross platform Code Coverage Tool
coverage*.json
coverage*.xml
coverage*.info# Visual Studio code coverage results
*.coverage
*.coveragexml# NCrunch
_NCrunch_*
.NCrunch_*
.*crunch*.local.xml
nCrunchTemp_*# MightyMoose
*.mm.*
AutoTest.Net/# Web workbench (sass)
.sass-cache/# Installshield output folder
[Ee]xpress/# DocProject is a documentation generator add-in
DocProject/buildhelp/
DocProject/Help/*.HxT
DocProject/Help/*.HxC
DocProject/Help/*.hhc
DocProject/Help/*.hhk
DocProject/Help/*.hhp
DocProject/Help/Html2
DocProject/Help/html# Click-Once directory
publish/# Publish Web Output
*.[Pp]ublish.xml
*.azurePubxml
# Note: Comment the next line if you want to checkin your web deploy settings,
# but database connection strings (with potential passwords) will be unencrypted
*.pubxml
*.publishproj# Microsoft Azure Web App publish settings. Comment the next line if you want to
# checkin your Azure Web App publish settings, but sensitive information contained
# in these scripts will be unencrypted
PublishScripts/# NuGet Packages
*.nupkg
# NuGet Symbol Packages
*.snupkg
# The packages folder can be ignored because of Package Restore
**/[Pp]ackages/*
# except build/, which is used as an MSBuild target.
!**/[Pp]ackages/build/
# Uncomment if necessary however generally it will be regenerated when needed
#!**/[Pp]ackages/repositories.config
# NuGet v3's project.json files produces more ignorable files
*.nuget.props
*.nuget.targets# Microsoft Azure Build Output
csx/
*.build.csdef# Microsoft Azure Emulator
ecf/
rcf/# Windows Store app package directories and files
AppPackages/
BundleArtifacts/
Package.StoreAssociation.xml
_pkginfo.txt
*.appx
*.appxbundle
*.appxupload# Visual Studio cache files
# files ending in .cache can be ignored
*.[Cc]ache
# but keep track of directories ending in .cache
!?*.[Cc]ache/# Others
ClientBin/
~$*
*~
*.dbmdl
*.dbproj.schemaview
*.jfm
*.pfx
*.publishsettings
orleans.codegen.cs# Including strong name files can present a security risk
# (https://github.com/github/gitignore/pull/2483#issue-259490424)
#*.snk# Since there are multiple workflows, uncomment next line to ignore bower_components
# (https://github.com/github/gitignore/pull/1529#issuecomment-104372622)
#bower_components/# RIA/Silverlight projects
Generated_Code/# Backup & report files from converting an old project file
# to a newer Visual Studio version. Backup files are not needed,
# because we have git ;-)
_UpgradeReport_Files/
Backup*/
UpgradeLog*.XML
UpgradeLog*.htm
ServiceFabricBackup/
*.rptproj.bak# SQL Server files
*.mdf
*.ldf
*.ndf# Business Intelligence projects
*.rdl.data
*.bim.layout
*.bim_*.settings
*.rptproj.rsuser
*- [Bb]ackup.rdl
*- [Bb]ackup ([0-9]).rdl
*- [Bb]ackup ([0-9][0-9]).rdl# Microsoft Fakes
FakesAssemblies/# GhostDoc plugin setting file
*.GhostDoc.xml# Node.js Tools for Visual Studio
.ntvs_analysis.dat
node_modules/# Visual Studio 6 build log
*.plg# Visual Studio 6 workspace options file
*.opt# Visual Studio 6 auto-generated workspace file (contains which files were open etc.)
*.vbw# Visual Studio 6 auto-generated project file (contains which files were open etc.)
*.vbp# Visual Studio 6 workspace and project file (working project files containing files to include in project)
*.dsw
*.dsp# Visual Studio 6 technical files
*.ncb
*.aps# Visual Studio LightSwitch build output
**/*.HTMLClient/GeneratedArtifacts
**/*.DesktopClient/GeneratedArtifacts
**/*.DesktopClient/ModelManifest.xml
**/*.Server/GeneratedArtifacts
**/*.Server/ModelManifest.xml
_Pvt_Extensions# Paket dependency manager
.paket/paket.exe
paket-files/# FAKE - F# Make
.fake/# CodeRush personal settings
.cr/personal# Python Tools for Visual Studio (PTVS)
__pycache__/
*.pyc# Cake - Uncomment if you are using it
# tools/**
# !tools/packages.config# Tabs Studio
*.tss# Telerik's JustMock configuration file
*.jmconfig# BizTalk build output
*.btp.cs
*.btm.cs
*.odx.cs
*.xsd.cs# OpenCover UI analysis results
OpenCover/# Azure Stream Analytics local run output
ASALocalRun/# MSBuild Binary and Structured Log
*.binlog# NVidia Nsight GPU debugger configuration file
*.nvuser# MFractors (Xamarin productivity tool) working folder
.mfractor/# Local History for Visual Studio
.localhistory/# Visual Studio History (VSHistory) files
.vshistory/# BeatPulse healthcheck temp database
healthchecksdb# Backup folder for Package Reference Convert tool in Visual Studio 2017
MigrationBackup/# Ionide (cross platform F# VS Code tools) working folder
.ionide/# Fody - auto-generated XML schema
FodyWeavers.xsd# VS Code files for those working on multiple tools
.vscode/*
!.vscode/settings.json
!.vscode/tasks.json
!.vscode/launch.json
!.vscode/extensions.json
*.code-workspace# Local History for Visual Studio Code
.history/# Windows Installer files from build outputs
*.cab
*.msi
*.msix
*.msm
*.msp# JetBrains Rider
*.sln.iml