Java集合遍历的方法有哪些
1.普通for循环
只适用于支持随机访问的集合
import java.util.*;public class NormalForDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {System.out.println("索引 " + i + " -> " + list.get(i));}}
}
2.增强for循环
最常见、简洁,底层其实是迭代器(Iterator)
import java.util.*;public class ForEachDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");for (String s : list) {System.out.println(s);}}
}
3.Iterator 迭代器
支持安全删除(iterator.remove()),是遍历 Collection 的标准方式
import java.util.*;public class IteratorDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C"));Iterator<String> it = list.iterator();while (it.hasNext()) {String s = it.next();if ("B".equals(s)) {it.remove(); // 安全删除元素}System.out.println(s);}System.out.println("删除后的集合: " + list);}
}
4.ListIterator(双向迭代器)
Iterator的子类,仅用于 List,可以正向/反向遍历,还能在遍历时修改、插入元素
import java.util.*;public class ListIteratorDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C"));ListIterator<String> it = list.listIterator();while (it.hasNext()) {String s = it.next();if ("B".equals(s)) {it.set("BB"); // 修改当前元素it.add("X"); // 在当前位置插入元素}}// 反向遍历while (it.hasPrevious()) {System.out.println(it.previous());}}
}
5.forEach + Lambda (Java 8+)
函数式写法,简洁优雅
import java.util.*;public class ForEachLambdaDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");// Lambdalist.forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));// 方法引用list.forEach(System.out::println);}
}
6.Stream API (Java 8+)
适合做链式处理,可以配合 filter、map、sorted 等进行过滤、转换、排序等操作
import java.util.*;public class StreamDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list = Arrays.asList("apple", "banana", "cherry");list.stream().filter(s -> s.startsWith("b")).map(String::toUpperCase).forEach(System.out::println); // 输出 BANANA}
}