ansible判断

ansible判断

一、判断运算符

“==” “!=” “>” “<” “>=” “<=” “and” “or” “not” is in

每次执行完一个任务，不管成功与失败，都会将执行的结果进行注册，可以使用这个注册的变量来判断

when：真命题（运行这个任务）

when：假命题（跳过这个任务）

二、判断变量的一些tests

Defined：判断变量是否已经定义，已定义则返真

Undefined：判断变量是否已经定义，未定义则返真

None：判断变量值是否为空，如果变量已经定义，但是变量值为空，则返真

真命题运行假命题跳过

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [test1] ***************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": 111
}TASK [test2] ***************************************************************************
skipping: [node1]TASK [test3] ***************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": 333
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0  

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 1cc:tasks:- name: test1debug:msg: 111when: aa is defined- name: test2debug:msg: 222when: cc is undefined- name: test3debug:msg: 333when: cc is none

三、判断执行结果的一些tests

Success/successed:通过任务的返回信息判断执行状态，任务执行成功返回真

Failure/failed：通过执行任务的返回信息判断执行状态，任务执行失败则返回真

Change/changed：通过任务的返回信息判断执行状态，任务返回状态为changed则返回真

Skip/skipped：通过任务的返回信息判断执行状态，当任务没有满足条件，而被跳过执行，则返回真。

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [shell] ***************************************************************************
changed: [node1]TASK [create debug1 success] ***********************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu success"    //success中包含success和change状态，只要运行shell模块，一般success都会被触发
}TASK [create debug2 fail] **************************************************************
skipping: [node1]         //没有失败，是假命题不触发，跳过TASK [create debug3 change] ************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu changed"  //shell模块，每运行一次状态都会改变，真命题
}TASK [create debug4 skip] **************************************************************
skipping: [node1]    //假命题，注册变量没有跳过PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0  

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 11tasks:- name: shellshell:cmd: ls /mntwhen: aa == 11register: dd- name: create debug1 successdebug:msg: chenyu successwhen: dd is success- name: create debug2 faildebug:msg: chenyu failedwhen: dd is failed- name: create debug3 changedebug:msg: chenyu changedwhen: dd is changed- name: create debug4 skipdebug:msg: chenyu skipwhen: dd is skip

将shell模块中的（aa == 11改为 aa == 111,其余不变）

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [shell] ***************************************************************************
skipping: [node1]TASK [create debug1 success] ***********************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu success" //这里的success是指register已经注册（不管结果是失败还是成功，register都会注册）
}TASK [create debug2 fail] **************************************************************
skipping: [node1]TASK [create debug3 change] ************************************************************
skipping: [node1]  //没有运行shell模块的任务，不改变状态，假命题TASK [create debug4 skip] **************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu skip"  //这里是指shell模块这一个任务会跳过，是真命题
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0  

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 11tasks:- name: shellshell:cmd: ls /mntwhen: aa == 111register: dd- name: create debug1 successdebug:msg: chenyu successwhen: dd is success- name: create debug2 faildebug:msg: chenyu failedwhen: dd is failed- name: create debug3 changedebug:msg: chenyu changedwhen: dd is changed- name: create debug4 skipdebug:msg: chenyu skipwhen: dd is skip

将shell模块中cmd中的/mnt目录改为一个不存在的目录/mnttt，然后忽略错误

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [shell] ***************************************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "ls /mnttt", "delta": "0:00:00.012883", "end": "2025-09-03 15:31:31.179016", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 2, "start": "2025-09-03 15:31:31.166133", "stderr": "ls: cannot access '/mnttt': No such file or directory", "stderr_lines": ["ls: cannot access '/mnttt': No such file or directory"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoringTASK [create debug1 success] ***********************************************************
skipping: [node1]             //执行过程中报错，不属于success，只属于change，是假命题TASK [create debug2 fail] **************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu failed"    //任务执行失败，是真命题
}TASK [create debug3 change] ************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu changed"    //状态改变，是真命题
}TASK [create debug4 skip] **************************************************************
skipping: [node1]       //执行了shell任务，只是执行失败了，没有跳过，假命题PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=1   

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 11tasks:- name: shellshell:cmd: ls /mntttwhen: aa == 11register: ddignore_errors: yes- name: create debug1 successdebug:msg: chenyu successwhen: dd is success- name: create debug2 faildebug:msg: chenyu failedwhen: dd is failed- name: create debug3 changedebug:msg: chenyu changedwhen: dd is changed- name: create debug4 skipdebug:msg: chenyu skipwhen: dd is skip

四、判断路径的一些tests

注意：以下tests的判断均对ansible主机中的路径，与目标主机无关

file：判断路径是否是一个文件

directory：判断路径是否是一个目录

link：判断路径是否是一个软连接

mount：判断路径是否是一个挂载点

exists：判断路径是否存在

[root@master ~]# mkdir /test
[root@master ~]# cd /test
[root@master test]# ls
[root@master test]# touch file1
[root@master test]# ln file1 hardlinka
[root@master test]# ln -s file1 softlinka
[root@master test]# ls /boot
config-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64
efi
grub2
initramfs-0-rescue-2f9f0077c581410cb49dd25158683ea3.img
initramfs-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64.img
loader
symvers-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64.gz
System.map-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64
vmlinuz-0-rescue-2f9f0077c581410cb49dd25158683ea3
vmlinuz-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64
[root@master test]# su - student
Last login: Wed Sep  3 10:04:10 CST 2025 on pts/0
[student@master ~]$ cd ansible/
[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [debug1] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is file"
}TASK [debug2] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is directory"
}TASK [debug3] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is softlink"
}TASK [debug4] **************************************************************************
skipping: [node1]TASK [debug5] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is mount directory"
}TASK [debug6] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is exists"
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=6    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0 

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:a1: /test/file1a2: /test/a3: /test/softlinkaa4: /test/hardlinkaa5: /boot/tasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: this is filewhen: a1 is file- name: debug2debug:msg: "this is directory"when: a2 is directory- name: debug3debug:msg: "this is softlink"when: a3 is link- name: debug4debug:msg: "this is hardlink"when: a4 is link- name: debug5debug:msg: "this is mount directory"when: a5 is mount- name: debug6debug:msg: "this is exists"when: a1 is  exists

五、判断字符串的一些tests

lower：判断包含字母的字符串中的字母是否纯小写

upper：判断包含字母的字符串中的字母是否纯大写

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [debug1] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this string is all lower"
}TASK [debug2] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this string is all upper"
}TASK [debug3] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "chenyu"
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0  

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:a1: abca2: ABCa3: a1btasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: this string is all lowerwhen: a1 is lower- name: debug2debug:msg: this string is all upperwhen: a2 is upper- name: debug3debug:msg: chenyuwhen: a3 is lower

六、其他的一些tests

string：判断对象是否是一个字符串

number：判断对象是否一个数字

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [debug1] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is number"
}TASK [debug2] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is string"
}TASK [debug3] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": "this is string"
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:a1: 1a2: "1"a3: atasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: this is numberwhen: a1 is number- name: debug2debug:msg: this is stringwhen: a2 is string- name: debug3debug:msg: this is stringwhen: a3 is string

七、block、rescue、always

重点：block/rescue/always: 限制性block，如果执行失败，则执行rescue，无论是block还是rescue执行失败还是成功，在最后都执行always

block（成功）----- always

block（失败）------ rescue ------- always

例题：

创建一个名为/etc/ansible/lv.yml 的playbook，它将在所有受管节点上运行以执行下列任务：

创建符合以下要求的逻辑卷：

逻辑卷创建在research卷组中

逻辑卷名称为data

逻辑卷大小为1500MiB

使用ext4文件系统格式化逻辑卷

如果无法创建请求的逻辑卷大小：

应显示错误消息： Could not create logical volume of that size，并且应改为使用大小 800MiB。

如果卷组research 不存在 ：

应显示错误消息： Volume group does not exist。

​ 不要以任何方式挂载逻辑卷

1、步骤

前提：在node1、node2上添加一块硬盘，然后新建卷组

​ Node1的卷组大小为2G 卷组名为research

​ Node2的卷组大小为1G 卷组名为research

（1）对所有主机配置yum仓库，并安装lvm2

[student@master ansible]$ vim repo.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook repo.yml PLAY [repo] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node4]
ok: [node1]
ok: [node2]
ok: [node5]
ok: [node3]TASK [repo1] ***************************************************************************
changed: [node5]
changed: [node3]
ok: [node1]
changed: [node2]
changed: [node4]TASK [repo2] ***************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
changed: [node3]
changed: [node2]
changed: [node5]
changed: [node4]TASK [install lvm2] ********************************************************************
changed: [node1]
changed: [node4]
changed: [node3]
changed: [node5]
changed: [node2]PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node2                      : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node3                      : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node4                      : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node5                      : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

---
- name: repohosts: alltasks:- name: repo1yum_repository:name: aadescription: aa1baseurl: http://ansible.example.com/rhel9/BaseOSenabled: yesgpgcheck: no- name: repo2yum_repository:name: bbdescription: bb1baseurl: http://ansible.example.com/rhel9/AppStreamenabled: yesgpgcheck: no- name: install lvm2yum:name: lvm2state: present

（2）Node1的卷组大小为2G 卷组名为research ，Node2的卷组大小为1G 卷组名为research

[student@master ansible]$ vim vg.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook vg.yml PLAY [create vg for node1] *************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [create parted] *******************************************************************
changed: [node1]TASK [create vg] ***********************************************************************
changed: [node1]PLAY [create vg for node2] *************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node2]TASK [create parted1] ******************************************************************
changed: [node2]TASK [create vg1] **********************************************************************
changed: [node2]PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node2                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 

---
- name: create vg for node1hosts: node1tasks:- name: create partedparted:device: /dev/vdbnumber: 1part_type: primarypart_start: 10MiBpart_end: 2010MiBstate: present- name: create vglvg:vg: researchpvs: /dev/vdb1- name: create vg for node2hosts: node2tasks:- name: create parted1parted:device: /dev/vdbnumber: 1part_type: primarypart_start: 10MiBpart_end: 1010MiBstate: present- name: create vg1lvg:vg: researchpvs: /dev/vdb1

（3）

<1> when：卷组存在：‘research’ in ansible_lvm.vgs

block：创建1500M逻辑卷

rescue：显示错误信息： Could not create logical volume of that size、创建800M逻辑卷

always：格式化：ext4

<2> when：卷组不存在：‘research’ not in ansible_lvm.vgs

显示错误消息：Volume group does not exist

[student@master ansible]$ vim lv.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook lv.yml PLAY [creat lv] ************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node5]
ok: [node4]
ok: [node2]
ok: [node1]
ok: [node3]TASK [create 1500 lv] ******************************************************************
skipping: [node3]
skipping: [node4]
skipping: [node5]
fatal: [node2]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "err": "  Volume group \"research\" has insufficient free space (249 extents): 375 required.\n", "msg": "Creating logical volume 'data' failed", "rc": 5}
changed: [node1]TASK [output fail message] *************************************************************
ok: [node2] => {"msg": "Could not create logical volume of that size"
}TASK [create 800 lv] *******************************************************************
changed: [node2]TASK [mkfs] ****************************************************************************
skipping: [node3]
skipping: [node4]
skipping: [node5]
changed: [node1]
changed: [node2]TASK [vg not exists] *******************************************************************
skipping: [node1]
skipping: [node2]
ok: [node3] => {"msg": "Volume group does not exist"
}
ok: [node4] => {"msg": "Volume group does not exist"
}
ok: [node5] => {"msg": "Volume group does not exist"
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node2                      : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=1    ignored=0   
node3                      : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node4                      : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node5                      : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0  

---
- name: creat lvhosts: alltasks:- name: create lv1block:- name: create 1500 lvlvol:lv: datavg: researchsize: 1500rescue:- name: output fail messagedebug:msg: Could not create logical volume of that size- name: create 800 lvlvol:lv: datavg: researchsize: 800always:- name: mkfsfilesystem:fstype: ext4dev: /dev/research/datawhen: "'research' in ansible_lvm.vgs"- name: vg not existsdebug:msg: Volume group does not existwhen: "'research' not in ansible_lvm.vgs"

八、判断与错误处理

fail模块可用于中断剧本，但我们一般是不会无故中断，除非在满足条件的情况下可以中断，经常和when一起用

（1）fail模块和when搭配使用

[student@master ansible]$ vim c.yml 
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook c.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [shell] ***************************************************************************
changed: [node1]TASK [fail] ****************************************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Conditions established,Interrupt running playbook"}  //这里fail模块是真命题会执行，中断后后面的任务不执行PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0  

---
- name: testhosts: node1tasks:- name: shellshell:cmd: echo 'this is a string for testing--error'register: return_value- name: failfail:msg: Conditions established,Interrupt running playbookwhen: "'error' in return_value.stdout"   - name: debugdebug:msg: I never execute,because the playbook has stopped

（2）使用failed_when

[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook e.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [debug1] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": 123
}TASK [debug2] **************************************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"msg": 234
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 1tasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: 123- name: debug2debug:msg: 234failed_when: aa is defined- name: debug3debug:msg: 345

九、ignore_errors: yes 跳过错误、忽略错误

[student@master ansible]$ vim e.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook e.yml PLAY [test] ****************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [debug1] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": 123
}TASK [debug2] **************************************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"msg": 234
}
...ignoringTASK [debug3] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"msg": 345
}PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=1   

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 1tasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: 123- name: debug2debug:msg: 234failed_when: aa is definedignore_errors: yes- name: debug3debug:msg: 345

十、Changed_when：可以修改任务执行后的最终状态

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 1tasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: 123- name: debug3debug:msg: 345

---
- name: testhosts: node1vars:aa: 1tasks:- name: debug1debug:msg: 123changed_when: true- name: debug3debug:msg: 345

或者可以让任务执行状态显示失败： changed_when: false

一些循环和判断的案例：

案例一：

从 http://ansible.example.com/materials/newhosts.j2 下载模板文件
完成该模板文件，用来生成新主机清单（主机的显示顺序没有要求），结构如下：
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.122.10 node1.example.com node1
192.168.122.20 node2.example.com node2
192.168.122.30 node3.example.com node3
192.168.122.40 node4.example.com node4
192.168.122.50 node5.example.com node5
创建剧本/home/student/ansible/newhosts.yml，它将使用上述模板在 node1 主机组的主机上
生成文件/etc/newhosts

（1）下载模板

[student@master ansible]$ curl -O  http://ansible.example.com/materials/newhosts.j2% Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  CurrentDload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   158  100   158    0     0   2468      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  2548
[student@master ansible]$ ls
aaa.ymlstw   a.yml       b.yml        c.yml  e.yml      lv.yml       pass      roles
ansible.cfg  bbb.ymlstw  collections  d.yml  inventory  newhosts.j2  repo.yml  vg.yml
[student@master ansible]$ cat newhosts.j2 
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

（2）在这个模版里面写一个for循环（使用hostvars：里面包含所有受控主机）

（i：变量，一次为node1、node2、node3、node4、node5）

把所有受控主机的IP地址 完全合格域名 主机名 都输出一遍

[student@master ansible]$ vim newhosts.j2 

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
{% for i in groups.all %}
{{ hostvars[i].ansible_default_ipv4.address }} {{ hostvars[i].ansible_fqdn }} {{ hostvars[i].ansible_hostname }}
{% endfor %}

（3）写newhosts.yml剧本

[student@master ansible]$ vim newhosts.yml

---
- name: get facthosts: all
- name: cp filehosts: node1tasks:- name: cp file1template:src: /home/student/ansible/newhosts.j2dest: /etc/newhosts

（4）执行newhosts.yml剧本，并查看

[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook newhosts.ymlPLAY [get fact] ************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]
ok: [node4]
ok: [node5]
ok: [node3]
ok: [node2]PLAY [cp file] *************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node1]TASK [cp file1] ************************************************************************
changed: [node1]PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node2                      : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node3                      : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node4                      : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node5                      : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   [student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m shell -a 'cat /etc/newhosts'
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.122.10 node1.example.com node1
192.168.122.20 node2.example.com node2
192.168.122.30 node3.example.com node3
192.168.122.40 node4.example.com node4
192.168.122.50 node5.example.com node5

案例二：

编写剧本修改远程文件内容
创建剧本 /home/student/ansible/newissue.yml，满足下列要求：
1）在所有清单主机上运行，替换/etc/issue 的内容
2）对于 test01 主机组中的主机，/etc/issue 文件内容为 test01
3）对于 test02 主机组中的主机，/etc/issue 文件内容为 test02
4）对于 web 主机组中的主机，/etc/issue 文件内容为 Webserver

（1）编辑主机清单

[student@master ansible]$ vim inventory 
[student@master ansible]$ cat inventory 
[test01]
node1[test02]
node2[web]
node3
node4[test05]
node5[webtest:children]
web

（2）编写newissue.yml剧本，并测试结果

[student@master ansible]$ vim newissue.yml
[student@master ansible]$ ansible-playbook newissue.yml PLAY [replace file] ********************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [node4]
ok: [node1]
ok: [node3]
ok: [node5]
ok: [node2]TASK [test1] ***************************************************************************
changed: [node1]
changed: [node3]
changed: [node2]
changed: [node5]
changed: [node4]PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node2                      : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node3                      : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node4                      : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node5                      : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   [student@master ansible]$ ansible all -m shell -a 'cat /etc/issue'
node3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Webserver
node2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
test02
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
test01
node4 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Webserver
node5 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>

---
- name: replace filehosts: alltasks:- name: test1copy:content: |{% if 'test01' in group_names %}test01{% elif 'test02' in group_names %}test02{% elif 'web' in group_names %}Webserver{% endif %}dest: /etc/issue