正则表达式使用示例
下面以 Vue(前端)和 Spring Boot(后端)为例,展示正则表达式在前后端交互中的应用,以邮箱格式验证为场景:
1.前端
<template><div class="register-container"><h3>用户注册</h3><form @submit.prevent="handleSubmit"><div class="form-group"><label>邮箱:</label><input type="text" v-model="email" @input="validateEmail"placeholder="请输入邮箱"><p class="error-message" v-if="!isEmailValid && email.length > 0">请输入有效的邮箱格式(如:example@domain.com)</p></div><button type="submit" :disabled="!isEmailValid">注册</button></form></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue';
import axios from 'axios';// 响应式数据
const email = ref('');// 邮箱正则表达式(与后端保持一致)
const emailReg = /^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$/;// 验证状态
const isEmailValid = computed(() => {return emailReg.test(email.value);
});// 实时验证(可选,也可依赖computed自动响应)
const validateEmail = () => {// 可在这里添加更复杂的验证逻辑
};// 提交表单
const handleSubmit = async () => {try {const response = await axios.post('/api/register', { email: email.value });alert(response.data.message);} catch (error) {alert(error.response?.data?.message || '注册失败');}
};
</script><style scoped>
.register-container {max-width: 400px;margin: 20px auto;padding: 20px;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-radius: 4px;
}.form-group {margin-bottom: 15px;
}input {width: 100%;padding: 8px;margin-top: 5px;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-radius: 4px;
}.error-message {color: #ff4444;font-size: 12px;margin: 5px 0 0 0;
}button {padding: 8px 16px;background-color: #007bff;color: white;border: none;border-radius: 4px;cursor: pointer;
}button:disabled {background-color: #cccccc;cursor: not-allowed;
}
</style>
2.后端
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import jakarta.validation.Valid;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Pattern;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
@Validated // 开启方法参数验证
public class UserController {// 邮箱正则表达式(与前端保持一致)private static final String EMAIL_REGEX = "^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$";@PostMapping("/register")public ResponseEntity<Result> register(@Valid @RequestBody RegisterRequest request) {// 验证通过:执行注册逻辑(如存入数据库)return ResponseEntity.ok(new Result(true, "邮箱 " + request.getEmail() + " 格式验证通过,注册成功!"));}// 请求参数封装类public static class RegisterRequest {@Pattern(regexp = EMAIL_REGEX,message = "邮箱格式无效,请重新输入")private String email;// getter和setterpublic String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}}// 响应结果封装类public static class Result {private boolean success;private String message;public Result(boolean success, String message) {this.success = success;this.message = message;}// getter和setterpublic boolean isSuccess() {return success;}public void setSuccess(boolean success) {this.success = success;}public String getMessage() {return message;}public void setMessage(String message) {this.message = message;}}
}
3.小结
前端验证逻辑:
- 使用 Vue 的响应式数据
- 通过计算属性
isEmailValid
实时判断格式是否正确- 提交按钮状态随验证结果动态禁用 / 启用
- 用 Axios 发送 POST 请求到后端接口
后端验证逻辑:
- 使用
@Pattern
注解在RegisterRequest
类中定义邮箱正则规则- 添加
@Valid
注解触发参数验证- 验证失败时,Spring 会自动返回 400 错误和自定义提示信息
- 验证通过后执行实际注册逻辑