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《设计模式》抽象工厂模式

web 2025/8/18 14:56:24

1.抽象工厂模式定义

抽象工厂模式（Abstact Factory ）：提供一个创建一系列相关或者相互依赖对象的接口，而无须指定它们具体的类。

1.1 UML图：

在这里插入图片描述

2.抽象工厂模式举例：

业务场景：需要实现一个数据访问程序。

要求支持两种访问方式 access 和 sqlserver
支持两张表 User表和department表

2.1 UML图：

在这里插入图片描述

2.2 核心代码：

IFactory接口

public interface IFactory {public IUser createUser();public IDepartment createDepartment();}

IUser接口

public interface IUser {public void insert(User user);public User getUser(int id);
}

IDepartment接口

public interface IDepartment {public void insert(Department department);public Department getDepartment(int id);
}

AccessFactory

public class AccessFactory implements IFactory {public IUser createUser(){return new AccessUser();}public IDepartment createDepartment(){return new AccessDepartment();}}

SqlserverFactory

public class SqlserverFactory implements IFactory {public IUser createUser(){return new SqlserverUser();}public IDepartment createDepartment(){return new SqlserverDepartment();}}

AccessUser

public class AccessUser implements IUser {//新增一个用户public void insert(User user){System.out.println("在Access中给User表增加一条记录");     }//获取一个用户信息public User getUser(int id){System.out.println("在Access中根据用户ID得到User表一条记录");   return null;  }}

SqlserverUser

public class SqlserverUser implements IUser {//新增一个用户public void insert(User user){System.out.println("在SQL Server中给User表增加一条记录");     }//获取一个用户信息public User getUser(int id){System.out.println("在SQL Server中根据用户ID得到User表一条记录");   return null;  }}

AccessDepartment

public class AccessDepartment implements IDepartment {//新增一个部门public void insert(Department department){System.out.println("在Access中给Department表增加一条记录");     }//获取一个部门信息public Department getDepartment(int id){System.out.println("在Access中根据部门ID得到Department表一条记录");   return null;  }}

SqlserverDepartment

public class SqlserverDepartment implements IDepartment {//新增一个部门public void insert(Department department){System.out.println("在SQL Server中给Department表增加一条记录");     }//获取一个部门信息public Department getDepartment(int id){System.out.println("在SQL Server中根据部门ID得到Department表一条记录");   return null;  }
}

User

public class User {//用户IDprivate int _id;public int getId(){return this._id;}public void setId(int value){this._id=value;}//用户姓名private String _name;public String getName(){return this._name;}public void setName(String value){this._name=value;}}

Department

public class Department {//部门IDprivate int _id;public int getId(){return this._id;}public void setId(int value){this._id=value;}//部门名称private String _name;public String getName(){return this._name;}public void setName(String value){this._name=value;}}

Client

public class Client {public static void main(String[] args){System.out.println("**********************************************");		System.out.println("抽象工厂模式");System.out.println();		User user = new User();Department department = new Department();IFactory factory = new SqlserverFactory();//IFactory factory = new AccessFactory();IUser iu = factory.createUser();iu.insert(user);    //新增一个用户iu.getUser(1);      //得到用户ID为1的用户信息IDepartment idept = factory.createDepartment();idept.insert(department);    //新增一个部门idept.getDepartment(2);      //得到部门ID为2的用户信息System.out.println();System.out.println("**********************************************");}
}