MySQL 8.0 OCP 英文题库解析(十一)
Oracle 为庆祝 MySQL 30 周年,截止到 2025.07.31 之前。所有人均可以免费考取原价245美元的MySQL OCP 认证。
从今天开始,将英文题库免费公布出来,并进行解析,帮助大家在一个月之内轻松通过OCP认证。
本期公布试题91~100
试题91:
Choose two.Which two statements are true about the data dictionary object cache?
B)Character set and collation definition objects are not cached. [错误]
A)The dictionary object caches use a Least Recently Used (LRU) algorithm to manage entries in each
cache. [正确]
D)If the dictionary object cache becomes full, MySQL server will be unable to create any more
tables/objects. [错误]
E)tablespace_definition_cache sets the number of tablespace objects that can be stored in the
dictionary object cache. [正确]
C)All dictionary object caches have a hard-coded size. [错误]
解析
关于 MySQL 数据字典对象缓存(Data Dictionary Object Cache),正确的两个描述是:A) 字典对象缓存使用 LRU(Least Recently Used)算法管理缓存条目。 [正确]E) tablespace_definition_cache 参数控制表空间对象在字典对象缓存中的存储数量。 [正确]B) 字符集和排序规则定义不被缓存:错误:字符集和排序规则信息 会被缓存(如 character_sets、collations 表数据)。C) 所有字典对象缓存大小固定:错误:多数缓存大小可通过参数配置(如 table_definition_cache)。D) 缓存满时无法创建新表/对象:错误:缓存满时,MySQL 会 按 LRU 淘汰旧条目,不会阻止新对象创建。
试题92:
Choose two.Examine this statement, which executes successfully:CREATE USER mary@192.0.2.100
IDENTIFIED BY 'P@SSw0rd' REQUIRE NONE PASSWORD EXPIRE;Which two are true?
A)Mary must connect using the username 'mary@192.0.2.100'. [错误]
C)Mary must connect from the client machine 192.0.2.100. [正确]
D)Mary cannot connect to the MySQL server until the DBA resets her password. [错误]
B)Mary requires no password to connect to the MySQL server. [错误]
E)Mary cannot query data until she changes her password. [正确]
解析
1. 连接必须来自指定 IP(C 正确)mary@192.0.2.100 的含义:用户 mary 只能从 IP 192.0.2.100 连接,其他 IP 会被拒绝。2. 首次登录需修改密码(E 正确)PASSWORD EXPIRE 的作用:强制用户在首次登录时修改密码(通过 ALTER USER),否则只能执行重置密码操作,无法执行其他 SQL。若 Mary 未修改密码,执行查询会报错A) 必须使用用户名 'mary@192.0.2.100' 连接:错误:连接时只需用户名 mary,主机部分由 MySQL 自动匹配。B) 无需密码连接:错误:IDENTIFIED BY 'P@SSw0rd' 明确要求密码。D) 需 DBA 重置密码才能连接:错误:Mary 可自行登录并修改密码(除非账户被锁定)。
试题93:
Choose two.Examine this command, which executes successfully on InnoDB
Cluster:dba.dropMetadataschema ()Which two statements are true?
D)Connections driven by MySQL Router are not affected by the command. [错误]
A)The mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata schema is dropped from the instance where the connection
was established. [错误]
E)The mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata schema is dropped from all reachable members of the cluster.
[正确]
F)Group Replication will be dissolved and all metadata purged. [错误]
C)The command drops the mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata schema and re-creates it. [错误]
B)Group Replication is still operational, but InnoDB Cluster must be reimported under MySQL Shell.
[正确]
解析
在 InnoDB Cluster 中执行 dba.dropMetadataSchema() 命令时,正确的两个描述是:E) mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata 模式会从集群所有可达成员中删除。 [正确]B) Group Replication 仍保持运行,但需在 MySQL Shell 中重新导入 InnoDB Cluster。 [正确]A) 仅删除当前连接实例的元数据(错误):操作是全局的,影响所有可达成员(E 正确)。C) 删除后重新创建元数据(错误):不会自动重建,需手动重新配置集群。D) MySQL Router 连接不受影响(错误):Router 依赖元数据路由请求,元数据删除后其功能将失效,需重启或重新引导。F) Group Replication 解散(错误):仅元数据被清除,复制组仍存在(但需修复元数据以恢复集群管理)。
试题94:
Choose two.User account baduser@hostname on your MySQL instance has been compromised.
Which two commands stop any new connections using the compromised account?
B)ALTER USER baduser@hostname DEFAULT ROLE NONE; [错误]
D)ALTER USER baduser@hostname IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_no_login; [正确]
A)ALTER USER baduser@hostname PASSWORD DISABLED; [错误]
E)ALTER USER baduser@hostname ACCOUNT LOCK; [正确]
C)ALTER USER baduser@hostname MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 0; [错误]
解析
MySQL 实例上的用户账户baduser@hostname已被盗用。哪两个命令会停止使用被盗账户的任何新连接?
在 MySQL 中,阻止被入侵账户 baduser@hostname 建立新连接的两种有效方法是:D) ALTER USER baduser@hostname IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_no_login; [正确]
E) ALTER USER baduser@hostname ACCOUNT LOCK; [正确]A) PASSWORD DISABLED:无效语法,MySQL 不支持直接禁用密码。B) DEFAULT ROLE NONE:仅移除默认角色,不影响账户连接权限。C) MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 0:不生效,0 表示无限制,应设为 1 限制连接数(但仍有漏洞)。
试题95:
Choose two.Which two are use cases of MySQL asynchronous replication?
A)You can scale reads by adding multiple slaves. [正确]
C)You can scale writes by creating a replicated mesh. [错误]
D)It guarantees near real-time replication between a master and a slave. [错误]
E)It allows backup to be done on the slave without impacting the master. [正确]
B)MySQL Enterprise Backup will automatically back up from an available slave. [错误]
解析
在 MySQL 异步复制(Asynchronous Replication)的应用场景中,正确的两个选项是:A) 通过添加多个从库(Slave)扩展读操作 [正确]E) 在从库执行备份不影响主库(Master) [正确]B) MySQL Enterprise Backup 自动从从库备份(错误)MEB 不会自动选择从库,需手动指定备份源(如--slave-info参数)。C) 通过复制网状结构扩展写入(错误)异步复制是单向主从架构,扩展写入需使用多主复制(如Group Replication)。D) 保证主从近实时同步(错误)异步复制不保证实时同步,从库数据可能存在延迟(强一致性需半同步复制)。
试题96:
Choose two.Examine this command, which executes successfully:mysqlpump --user=root -
password > full_backup.sql Which two databases will be excluded from this dump?
A)mysql [错误]
B)information_schema [正确]
D)employee [错误]
C)world [错误]
E)sys [正确]
解析
在给定的 mysqlpump 命令中,默认会被排除的两个数据库是:B) information_schema [正确]
E) sys [正确]1. information_schema(B 正确)原因:information_schema 是 MySQL 的元数据数据库,存储表、列、权限等系统信息。这些数据是动态生成的,不需要(也无法)通过备份恢复。mysqlpump 行为:默认跳过 information_schema,因为它的内容在恢复时会自动重建。2. sys(E 正确)原因:sys 数据库是 MySQL 的性能诊断工具库,基于 performance_schema 提供视图。其内容也是动态生成的,备份无意义。mysqlpump 行为:默认跳过 sys,除非显式指定 --include-databases=sys。
试题97:
Choose two A valid raw backup of the shop.customers MyISAM table was taken. You must restore
the table.You begin with these steps:
1.Confirm that secure_file_priv= '/var/tmp '
2.mysql> DROP TABLE shop.customers;
3.shell> cp /backup/customers.MY* /var/1ib/mysql/shop/
Which two actions are required to complete the restore? B)mysql> SOURCE '/var/tmp/customers.sdi [错误]
E)shell> cp /backup/customers.frm /var/1ib/mysql/shop/ [错误]
H)mysql> ALTER TABLE shop.customers IMPORT TABLESPACE [错误]
A)shell> cp /backup/customers.sdi /var/tmp [正确]
D)mysql> ALTER TABLE shop.customers DISCARD TABLESPACE [错误]
C)shell> cp /backup/customers.sdi /var/1ib/mysql/shop/ [错误]
G)mysql> IMPORT TABLE FROM /var/tmp/customers.sdi [正确]
F)mysql> IMPORT TABLE FROM /var/1ib/mysql/shop/customers.sdi. [错误]
解析
在恢复 MyISAM 表 shop.customers 的过程中,完成恢复所需的两个操作是:A) shell> cp /backup/customers.sdi /var/tmp [正确]
G) mysql> IMPORT TABLE FROM '/var/tmp/customers.sdi' [正确]MyISAM 表恢复步骤:复制数据文件(.MYD 和 .MYI)到 datadir(已执行)。复制 .sdi 文件到 secure_file_priv 目录(A 正确)。执行 IMPORT TABLE 加载元数据(G 正确)。注意:确保 secure_file_priv 配置正确(步骤 1 已确认)。MyISAM 恢复无需 ALTER TABLE 操作(D/H 错误)。
试题98:
Choose two.Which two MySQL Shell commands are excluded from the InnoDB Cluster creation
procedure?
F)dba.createCluster () #创建集群 [错误]
B)dba.configureLocalInstance () ##持久化配置信息 [错误]
G)cluster.forceQuorumUsingPartitionOf () #将集群从 quorum 丢失场景恢复到可操作状态。如果一个组
被分区或发生的崩溃超过了可容忍的范围,则可能会出现这种情况。 [正确]
D)cluster.setPrimaryInstance() ##设置主节点 [正确]
A)cluster.addInstance () #添加节点 [错误]
C)dba.checkInstanceConfiguration() ##检查节点 [错误]
E)dba.configureInstance() ##检查配置 [错误]
解析
在 MySQL InnoDB Cluster 创建过程 中,不包含 的两个命令是:G) cluster.forceQuorumUsingPartitionOf() [正确]
D) cluster.setPrimaryInstance() [正确]创建集群的关键步骤:dba.checkInstanceConfiguration() → 检查配置dba.configureInstance() → 配置实例dba.createCluster() → 创建集群cluster.addInstance() → 添加节点排除的命令:cluster.forceQuorumUsingPartitionOf()(G)→ 故障恢复专用cluster.setPrimaryInstance()(D)→ 手动切换主节点
试题99:
Choose two.Examine this command, which executes successfully:
shell> mysqldump --master-data=2 --single-transaction --result-file=dump.sql mydb Which two statements are true? E)It executes flush tables with read lock. [正确]
C)It is a cold backup. [错误]
A)This option uses the READ COMMITTED transaction isolation mode. [错误]
B)It enforces consistent backups for all storage engines. [错误]
D)The backup created is a consistent data dump. [正确]
解析
mysqldump命令的使用
FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK(E 正确)--master-data=2 的作用:在备份开始时,短暂获取全局读锁(FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK)以记录二进制日志位置(binlog 坐标)。随后立即释放锁(因为 --single-transaction 启动了事务)。一致的备份数据(D 正确)--single-transaction 的作用:对 InnoDB 表 使用事务隔离(REPEATABLE READ),确保备份期间数据视图一致。非 InnoDB 表(如 MyISAM)仍需依赖全局锁,但此命令未显式锁定它们。A) 使用 READ COMMITTED 隔离级别(错误)--single-transaction 默认使用 REPEATABLE READ(InnoDB 的默认隔离级别)。B) 保证所有存储引擎的一致性(错误)仅 InnoDB 表能通过事务保证一致性,MyISAM 等引擎可能不一致(除非显式加锁)。C) 冷备份(错误)热备份(在线备份),因为数据库在备份期间仍可读写(InnoDB 表)。
试题100:
Choose two.Which two methods allow a DBA to reset a user's password?
B)mysql_secure_installation utility [错误]
A)SET PASSWORD statement [正确]
E)mysqladmin client program [错误]
D)GRANT statement [错误]
C)ALTER USER statement [正确]
解析
B) mysql_secure_installation 工具:仅用于 初始化服务器安全配置(如设置 root 密码、删除匿名用户等),不能重置普通用户密码。D) GRANT 语句:MySQL 8.0+ 已废弃 用 GRANT 修改密码的功能(早期版本可用 GRANT ... IDENTIFIED BY)。E) mysqladmin 客户端程序:仅能修改 当前连接用户 的密码(如 mysqladmin password "new_password"),不能重置其他用户密码。正确选项 A C