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iOS QQ抽屉式导航的实现

news 2025/5/30 20:13:24

QQ个人中心的侧滑功能(通常称为"抽屉式导航")可以通过以下几种方式在iOS中实现：

主要实现方案

使用第三方库

最快速的方式是使用成熟的第三方库：

SWRevealViewController：最流行的侧滑菜单库
MMDrawerController：另一个功能丰富的抽屉式导航库
KYDrawerController：轻量级的实现

示例代码(SWRevealViewController):

// 初始化
let revealViewController = SWRevealViewController(rearViewController: MenuViewController(), frontViewController: MainViewController())// 设置为主窗口根视图 
window?.rootViewController = revealViewController// 添加手势 
revealViewController?.tapGestureRecognizer()
revealViewController?.panGestureRecognizer()

自定义实现

如果需要完全自定义，可以自己实现：

class DrawerController: UIViewController {private var mainViewController: UIViewController!private var menuViewController: UIViewController!private var isMenuOpen = false private let menuWidth: CGFloat = 300init(mainViewController: UIViewController, menuViewController: UIViewController) {self.mainViewController = mainViewController self.menuViewController = menuViewControllersuper.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil)}override func viewDidLoad() {super.viewDidLoad()addChild(mainViewController)view.addSubview(mainViewController.view)mainViewController.didMove(toParent: self)addChild(menuViewController)view.insertSubview(menuViewController.view, at: 0)menuViewController.didMove(toParent: self)menuViewController.view.frame = CGRect(x: -menuWidth, y: 0, width: menuWidth, height: view.bounds.height)let panGesture = UIPanGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(handlePanGesture(_:)))view.addGestureRecognizer(panGesture)}@objc private func handlePanGesture(_ recognizer: UIPanGestureRecognizer) {let translation = recognizer.translation(in: view)switch recognizer.state {case .changed:let newX = mainViewController.view.frame.origin.x + translation.x if newX >= 0 && newX <= menuWidth {mainViewController.view.frame.origin.x = newX menuViewController.view.frame.origin.x = newX - menuWidth }recognizer.setTranslation(.zero, in: view)case .ended:let velocity = recognizer.velocity(in: view)if velocity.x > 0 {openMenu()} else {closeMenu()}default: break}}func openMenu() {UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.3) {self.mainViewController.view.frame.origin.x = self.menuWidthself.menuViewController.view.frame.origin.x = 0}isMenuOpen = true }func closeMenu() {UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.3) {self.mainViewController.view.frame.origin.x = 0self.menuViewController.view.frame.origin.x = -self.menuWidth }isMenuOpen = false}
}

实现要点

视图层级：主视图在上，菜单视图在下
手势处理：需要处理滑动手势(UIPanGestureRecognizer)
动画效果：使用UIView.animate实现平滑过渡
边缘手势：可以添加UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer实现从边缘滑出的效果
遮罩效果：QQ通常会在主视图上添加半透明黑色遮罩

高级优化

性能优化：使用UIViewPropertyAnimator实现更流畅的交互
阴影效果：为主视图添加阴影增加层次感
状态保存：记住菜单的打开/关闭状态
交互阻断：菜单打开时阻断主视图的交互

SwiftUI实现

如果你使用SwiftUI，可以这样实现：

struct ContentView: View {@State private var offset: CGFloat = 0 @State private var lastOffset: CGFloat = 0@GestureState private var dragOffset: CGFloat = 0var body: some View {let drag = DragGesture().updating($dragOffset) { value, state, _ instate = value.translation.width}.onEnded { value in withAnimation {if value.translation.width > 100 {offset = 300} else if value.translation.width < -100 {offset = 0 } else {offset = lastOffset }}lastOffset = offset }return ZStack(alignment: .leading) {MenuView().frame(width: 300)MainView().offset(x: max(0, offset + dragOffset)).gesture(drag)}}
}