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聊聊Spring AI Alibaba的YoutubeDocumentReader

news 2025/7/3 21:09:39

序

本文主要研究一下Spring AI Alibaba的YoutubeDocumentReader

YoutubeDocumentReader

community/document-readers/spring-ai-alibaba-starter-document-reader-youtube/src/main/java/com/alibaba/cloud/ai/reader/youtube/YoutubeDocumentReader.java

public class YoutubeDocumentReader implements DocumentReader {private static final String WATCH_URL = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s";private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;private static final List<String> YOUTUBE_URL_PATTERNS = List.of("youtube\\.com/watch\\?v=([^&]+)","youtu\\.be/([^?&]+)");private final String resourcePath;private static final int MEMORY_SIZE = 5;private static final int BYTE_SIZE = 1024;private static final int MAX_MEMORY_SIZE = MEMORY_SIZE * BYTE_SIZE * BYTE_SIZE;private static final WebClient WEB_CLIENT = WebClient.builder().defaultHeader("Accept-Language", "en-US").codecs(configurer -> configurer.defaultCodecs().maxInMemorySize(MAX_MEMORY_SIZE)).build();public YoutubeDocumentReader(String resourcePath) {Assert.hasText(resourcePath, "Query string must not be empty");this.resourcePath = resourcePath;this.objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();}@Overridepublic List<Document> get() {List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<>();try {String videoId = extractVideoIdFromUrl(resourcePath);String subtitleContent = getSubtitleInfo(videoId);documents.add(new Document(StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml4(subtitleContent)));}catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException("Failed to load document from Youtube: {}", e);}return documents;}// Method to extract the videoId from the resourcePathpublic String extractVideoIdFromUrl(String resourcePath) {for (String pattern : YOUTUBE_URL_PATTERNS) {Pattern regexPattern = Pattern.compile(pattern);Matcher matcher = regexPattern.matcher(resourcePath);if (matcher.find()) {return matcher.group(1); // Extract the videoId (captured group)}}throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid YouTube URL: Unable to extract videoId.");}public String getSubtitleInfo(String videoId) throws IOException {// Step 1: Fetch the HTML content of the YouTube video pageString url = String.format(WATCH_URL, videoId);String htmlContent = fetchHtmlContent(url).block(); // Blocking for simplicity in// this example// Step 2: Extract the subtitle tracks from the HTMLString captionsJsonString = extractCaptionsJson(htmlContent);if (captionsJsonString != null) {JsonNode captionsJson = objectMapper.readTree(captionsJsonString);JsonNode captionTracks = captionsJson.path("playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer").path("captionTracks");// Check if captionTracks exists and is an arrayif (captionTracks.isArray()) {// Step 3: Extract and decode each subtitle track's URLStringBuilder subtitleInfo = new StringBuilder();JsonNode captionTrack = captionTracks.get(0);// Safely access languageCode and baseUrl with null checksString language = captionTrack.path("languageCode").asText("Unknown");String urlEncoded = captionTrack.path("baseUrl").asText("");// Decode the URL to avoid \u0026 issuesString decodedUrl = URLDecoder.decode(urlEncoded, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);String subtitleText = fetchSubtitleText(decodedUrl);subtitleInfo.append("Language: ").append(language).append("\n").append(subtitleText).append("\n\n");return subtitleInfo.toString();}else {return "No captions available.";}}else {return "No captions data found.";}}private Mono<String> fetchHtmlContent(String url) {// Use WebClient to fetch HTML content asynchronouslyreturn WEB_CLIENT.get().uri(url).retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class);}private String extractCaptionsJson(String htmlContent) {// Extract the captions JSON from the HTML contentString marker = "\"captions\":";int startIndex = htmlContent.indexOf(marker);if (startIndex != -1) {int endIndex = htmlContent.indexOf("\"videoDetails", startIndex);if (endIndex != -1) {String captionsJsonString = htmlContent.substring(startIndex + marker.length(), endIndex);return captionsJsonString.trim();}}return null;}private String fetchSubtitleText(String decodedUrl) throws IOException {// Fetch the subtitle text by making a request to the decoded subtitle URLorg.jsoup.nodes.Document doc = Jsoup.connect(decodedUrl).get();// Assuming the subtitle text is inside <transcript> tags, extract the textStringBuilder subtitleText = new StringBuilder();doc.select("text").forEach(textNode -> {String text = textNode.text();subtitleText.append(text).append("\n");});return subtitleText.toString();}}

YoutubeDocumentReader构造器要求输入resourcePath，它内置了WebClient，其get方法先通过extractVideoIdFromUrl获取videoId，再通过getSubtitleInfo获取字幕，最后组装为List<Document>返回；getSubtitleInfo通过请求https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=videoId，之后解析html内容获取videoDetails内容，再json解析提取language、subtitleText

示例

community/document-readers/spring-ai-alibaba-starter-document-reader-youtube/src/test/java/com/alibaba/cloud/ai/reader/youtube/YoutubeDocumentReaderTest.java

public class YoutubeDocumentReaderTest {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(YoutubeDocumentReaderTest.class);@Testvoid youtubeDocumentReaderTest() {YoutubeDocumentReader youtubeDocumentReader = new YoutubeDocumentReader("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q-9wxg9tQRk");List<Document> documents = youtubeDocumentReader.get();logger.info("documents: {}", documents);}}