3、ubantu系统docker常用命令

1、自助查看docker命令

1.1、查看所有命令

docker 客户端非常简单，可以直接输入 docker 命令来查看到 Docker 客户端的所有命令选项。

angqiang@wangqiang:~$ dockerUsage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMANDA self-sufficient runtime for containersCommon Commands:run         Create and run a new container from an imageexec        Execute a command in a running containerps          List containersbuild       Build an image from a Dockerfilepull        Download an image from a registrypush        Upload an image to a registryimages      List imageslogin       Log in to a registrylogout      Log out from a registrysearch      Search Docker Hub for imagesversion     Show the Docker version informationinfo        Display system-wide informationManagement Commands:builder     Manage buildscontainer   Manage containerscontext     Manage contextsimage       Manage imagesmanifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest listsnetwork     Manage networksplugin      Manage pluginssystem      Manage Dockertrust       Manage trust on Docker imagesvolume      Manage volumesSwarm Commands:swarm       Manage SwarmCommands:attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running containercommit      Create a new image from a container's changescp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystemcreate      Create a new containerdiff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystemevents      Get real time events from the serverexport      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archivehistory     Show the history of an imageimport      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem imageinspect     Return low-level information on Docker objectskill        Kill one or more running containersload        Load an image from a tar archive or STDINlogs        Fetch the logs of a containerpause       Pause all processes within one or more containersport        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the containerrename      Rename a containerrestart     Restart one or more containersrm          Remove one or more containersrmi         Remove one or more imagessave        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)start       Start one or more stopped containersstats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statisticsstop        Stop one or more running containerstag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGEtop         Display the running processes of a containerunpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containersupdate      Update configuration of one or more containerswait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codesGlobal Options:--config string      Location of client config files (default "/home/wangqiang/.docker")-c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overridesDOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "dockercontext use")-D, --debug              Enable debug mode-H, --host list          Daemon socket to connect to-l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug", "info", "warn", "error","fatal") (default "info")--tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify--tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default"/home/wangqiang/.docker/ca.pem")--tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default"/home/wangqiang/.docker/cert.pem")--tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/home/wangqiang/.docker/key.pem")--tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote-v, --version            Print version information and quitRun 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.For more help on how to use Docker, head to https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/

1.2、查看命令使用说明

可以通过命令 docker command --help 更深入的了解指定的 Docker 命令使用方法。

wangqiang@wangqiang:~$ docker ps --helpUsage:  docker ps [OPTIONS]List containersAliases:docker container ls, docker container list, docker container ps, docker psOptions:-a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)-f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided--format string   Format output using a custom template:'table':            Print output in table format with columnheaders (default)'table TEMPLATE':   Print output in table format using the givenGo template'json':             Print in JSON format'TEMPLATE':         Print output using the given Go template.Refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/formatting/ for moreinformation about formatting output with templates-n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)-l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)--no-trunc        Don't truncate output-q, --quiet           Only display container IDs-s, --size            Display total file sizes

2、docker命令大全

2.1、容器生命周期管理

docker create

docker create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]：创建一个容器，但不启动它。

docker run

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]：创建并启动一个容器。

docker start

docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]：启动一个或多个已停止的容器。

docker stop

docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]：停止一个或多个正在运行的容器。

docker restart

docker restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]：重启一个或多个容器。

docker rm

docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]：删除一个或多个容器。

docker container prune

docker container prune：删除所有已停止的容器。

docker pause CONTAINER

docker pause CONTAINER：暂停容器的所有进程。

docker unpause CONTAINER

docker unpause CONTAINER：恢复容器的所有进程。

2.2、容器操作

docker ps

docker ps [OPTIONS]：列出容器。

docker ps -a

docker ps -a：列出所有容器（包括已停止的）。

docker logs

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER：获取容器的日志。

docker exec

docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]：在运行的容器中执行命令。

docker attach

docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER：连接到正在运行的容器。

docker export

docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER：将容器导出为 tar 归档文件。

docker import

docker import [OPTIONS] file|URL|- [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]：从 tar 归档文件或 URL 导入容器。

2.3、容器的 root 文件系统（rootfs）命令

docker diff CONTAINER

docker diff CONTAINER：检查容器文件系统中的更改。

docker cp

docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH：从容器复制文件到主机。

docker cp

docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH CONTAINER:DEST_PATH：从主机复制文件到容器。

2.4、镜像仓库

docker login

docker login [OPTIONS] [SERVER]：登录到 Docker 镜像仓库。

docker logout

docker logout [SERVER]：登出 Docker 镜像仓库。

docker search

docker search [OPTIONS] TERM：搜索 Docker Hub 上的镜像。

2.5、本地镜像管理

docker images

docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]：列出本地镜像。

docker rmi

docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]：删除一个或多个镜像。

docker image prune

docker image prune：删除所有未使用的镜像。

docker build

docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -：从 Dockerfile 构建镜像。

docker pull

docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]：从仓库拉取镜像。

docker push

docker push [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG]：将镜像推送到仓库。

docker history

docker history [OPTIONS] IMAGE：显示镜像的历史。

2.6、info|version

docker info

docker info [OPTIONS]：显示 Docker 系统信息。

docker version

docker version [OPTIONS]：显示 Docker 版本信息。

2.7、Docker Compose

通常通过包管理器（如 apt-get）安装Docker Compose。

docker-compose up

docker-compose up：启动服务。

docker-compose down

docker-compose down：停止并移除服务。

docker-compose build

docker-compose build：构建服务。

docker-compose ps

docker-compose ps：列出服务状态。

docker-compose logs

docker-compose logs：查看服务日志。

2.8、网络命令

docker network ls

docker network ls：列出所有网络。

docker network create

docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK：创建一个网络。

docker network rm

docker network rm NETWORK [NETWORK...]：删除一个或多个网络。

docker network connect

docker network connect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER：将容器连接到网络。

docker network disconnect

docker network disconnect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER：将容器从网络断开。

2.9、卷命令

docker volume ls

docker volume ls：列出所有卷。

docker volume create

docker volume create [OPTIONS] [VOLUME]：创建一个卷。

docker volume rm

docker volume rm [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]：删除一个或多个卷。

docker volume prune

docker volume prune：删除所有未使用的卷。

2.10、补充说明

docker system df

docker system df：显示 Docker 磁盘使用情况。

docker system prune

docker system prune：清理未使用的对象（容器、镜像、网络等）。