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自定义一个 Spring Boot Starter -笔记

ai 2025/7/3 20:48:17

SpringBoot Starter的介绍参考： Spring Boot Starter简介-笔记-CSDN博客。这里介绍如何自定义一个springBoot Starter。

1. 项目结构

创建一个 Maven 项目，结构如下：

custom-spring-boot-starter-demo/
├── custom-hello-jdk/  # jdk模块,包含功能逻辑
├── custom-hello-spring-boot-starter-jdk/  #Starter模块

2. 项目代码

2.1 custom-hello-jdk模块

step1. pom.xml

<project><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>custom-hello-jdk</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version><dependencies><!-- Spring Boot 自动配置依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

step2. 定义功能接口和实现类

package com.example.demo;public interface HelloService {String sayHello();
}//----------------------------------------------------package com.example.demo;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service
public class DefaultHelloService implements HelloService {private final String message;public DefaultHelloService(String message) {this.message = message;}@Overridepublic String sayHello() {return message;}
}

step3. 配置属性类

package com.example.demo;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "custom.hello")
public class HelloProperties {private String message = "Hello from Custom Starter!";
}

step4. 自动配置类

package com.example.demo;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloAutoConfiguration {private final HelloProperties helloProperties;public HelloAutoConfiguration(HelloProperties helloProperties) {this.helloProperties = helloProperties;}@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBean(HelloService.class)public HelloService helloService() {return new DefaultHelloService(helloProperties.getMessage());}
}

2.2 custom-hello-spring-boot-starter-jdk模块

step1.pom.xml添加对custom-hello-jdk的依赖

<project><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>custom-hello-spring-boot-starter-jdk</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version><packaging>pom</packaging><dependencies><!-- 引入自动配置模块 --><dependency><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>custom-hello-jdk</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version></dependency></dependencies>
</project>

step2.注册自动配置

在 src/main/resources/META-INF/spring.factories 中添加：

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=com.example.demo.HelloAutoConfiguration

备注：自动配置注册也可以放到custom-hello-jdk模块里，在starter里仅放pom文件，作为依赖聚合，方便用户引入。

step3.构建和发布

执行 mvn clean install 将 Starter 安装到本地 Maven 仓库
或通过 mvn deploy 发布到远程仓库

2.3 使用自定义 Starter

背景：在另外一个项目中使用自定义的Starter。

step1. 在另一个 Spring Boot 项目中引入依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>custom-hello-spring-boot-starter-jdk</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>

step2. 配置属性（可选）

custom.hello.message=Hello from Config!

step3.使用Bean

import com.example.demo.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class HelloController {@Autowiredprivate HelloService helloService;@GetMapping("/hello")public String hello() {return helloService.sayHello();}
}