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阿里云OSS文件上传完整实现方案

web 2025/6/26 10:28:13

一、前言

阿里云对象存储服务(OSS)是一种海量、安全、低成本、高可靠的云存储服务。本文将详细介绍如何在Spring Boot项目中集成阿里云OSS实现文件上传功能。

二、准备工作

1. 获取OSS配置信息

在开始前，您需要准备以下OSS配置信息：

endpoint: OSS服务访问端点
access-key-id: 访问密钥ID
access-key-secret: 访问密钥
bucket-name: 存储空间名称

获取方法参考：阿里云OSS配置获取指南

三、项目集成

1. 添加Maven依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId><version>3.17.0</version> 
</dependency>

2. 配置application.yml

survey:alioss:endpoint: your-endpointaccess-key-id: your-access-key-idaccess-key-secret: your-access-key-secretbucket-name: your-bucket-name

四、核心代码实现

1. 属性配置类

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "survey.alioss")
@Data
public class AliOssProperties {private String endpoint;private String accessKeyId;private String accessKeySecret;private String bucketName;
}

2. OSS工具类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@Slf4j
public class AliOssUtil {private String endpoint;private String accessKeyId;private String accessKeySecret;private String bucketName;public String upload(byte[] bytes, String objectName) {OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);try {ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));} catch (OSSException oe) {log.error("OSS异常: {}", oe.getMessage());} catch (ClientException ce) {log.error("客户端异常: {}", ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}// 构建文件访问URLString fileUrl = String.format("https://%s.%s/%s", bucketName, endpoint, objectName);log.info("文件上传到: {}", fileUrl);return fileUrl;}
}

3. 配置类

@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class OssConfiguration {@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBeanpublic AliOssUtil aliOssUtil(AliOssProperties aliOssProperties) {log.info("创建阿里云文件上传工具类对象");return new AliOssUtil(aliOssProperties.getEndpoint(),aliOssProperties.getAccessKeyId(),aliOssProperties.getAccessKeySecret(),aliOssProperties.getBucketName());}
}

4. 文件上传接口

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/common")
@Slf4j
public class CommonController {@Autowiredprivate AliOssUtil aliOssUtil;@PostMapping("/upload")public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file) {log.info("文件上传: {}", file.getOriginalFilename());try {String originalFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();String extension = originalFileName.substring(originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."));String objectName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + extension;String filePath = aliOssUtil.upload(file.getBytes(), objectName);return Result.success(filePath);} catch (IOException e) {log.error("文件上传失败: {}", e.getMessage());return Result.error("文件上传失败");}}
}