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使用C#对象将WinRiver项目文件进行复杂的XML序列化和反序列化实例详解

ops 2025/7/20 8:34:29

使用 C# 对象将 WinRiver 项目文件进行 XML 序列化和反序列化的实例详解

  • 一、序列化和反序列化的目的
  • 二、WinRiver 的项目 MMT 文件架构示例
  • 三、以 WinRiver 为对象进行 C# 代码编程
    • 3.1 声明 WinRiver 对象
    • 3.2 声明 Project 对象
    • 3.3 声明 Site_Information 对象
    • 3.4 声明 Site_Discharge 对象
    • 3.5 声明 QA_QC 、Collect_Data 、DisplaySettings 对象
    • 3.6 声明 Transect 、 Discharge_Summary 、File 、Configuration 对象
    • 3.7 其它省略内容的子类
    • 3.8 测试创建项目文件(包含序列化和反序列化)
    • 3.9 执行创建文件
    • 3.10 输出 XML 效果
  • 四、说明

一、序列化和反序列化的目的

1、以对象编程，简化程序代码。
2、以对象编程，对程序配置文件实施简单的读写。

二、WinRiver 的项目 MMT 文件架构示例

WinRiver 的项目 MMT 文件，是 RDI ADCP 的测量项目记录，包含很多设置。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<WinRiver><Project Name="xhz20240806_22.mmt" Version="1.0.0.2" Flags="0"><Locked>False</Locked><Site_Information Type="1" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><Agency>汉口分局</Agency><Country>中国</Country><State>湖北</State><County>武汉</County><!-- 从此处开始省略其余内容信息 --></Site_Information><Site_Discharge Type="2" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><Transect Type="5" Checked="1" Status="0" SelectAll="1" First="0" Last="0" Error="0"><File PathName="F:\XHZ20240806_22\XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06.PD0" Type="6" TransectNmb="0">XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06.PD0</File><File PathName="F:\XHZ20240806_22\XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06_ASC.TXT" Type="14" TransectNmb="0">XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06_ASC.TXT</File><File PathName="F:\XHZ20240806_22\XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06_EH.TXT" Type="13" TransectNmb="0">XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06_EH.TXT</File><File PathName="F:\XHZ20240806_22\XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06_GPS.TXT" Type="11" TransectNmb="0">XHZ20240806_22_000_24-08-06_GPS.TXT</File><Configuration Type="7" Checked="0" Status="-1" Error="0"><Commands><!-- 省略其余内容信息 --></Commands><Depth_Sounder><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Depth_Sounder><Ext_Heading><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Ext_Heading><GPS><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></GPS><Discharge><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Discharge><Edge_Estimates><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Edge_Estimates><Offsets><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Offsets><Processing><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Processing><Recording><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Recording><Wizard_Info><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Wizard_Info><DMFilter><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></DMFilter></Configuration><Configuration Type="7" Checked="1" Status="1" Error="0"><Commands><!-- 省略其余内容信息 --></Commands><Depth_Sounder><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Depth_Sounder><Ext_Heading><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Ext_Heading><GPS><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></GPS><Discharge><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Discharge><Edge_Estimates><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Edge_Estimates><Offsets><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Offsets><Processing><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Processing><Recording><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Recording><Wizard_Info><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Wizard_Info><DMFilter><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></DMFilter></Configuration></Transect><Transect Type="5" Checked="1" Status="0" SelectAll="1" First="100" Last="200" Error="0"><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Transect><Discharge_Summary><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></Discharge_Summary></Site_Discharge><QA_QC Type="3" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 --></QA_QC><Collect_Data Type="4" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><!-- 从此处开始省略其余信息 -->   </Collect_Data><DisplaySettings><Globals><Depth_Max>18.000000</Depth_Max></Globals></DisplaySettings></Project>
</WinRiver>

三、以 WinRiver 为对象进行 C# 代码编程

创建新的类，命名为 WinRiverXML。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;namespace 命名空间
{public class WinRiverXML{//将 3.1 - 3.8 的代码内容放入}
}

3.1 声明 WinRiver 对象

        /// <summary>WinRiver根目录</summary>[XmlRoot("WinRiver")]public class WinRiver{/// <summary>项目</summary>[XmlElement("Project")]public Project Project { get; set; }}

3.2 声明 Project 对象

        /// <summary>项目</summary>public class Project{/// <summary>名称属性</summary>[XmlAttribute("Name")]public string Name { get; set; } = "Text.mmt";/// <summary>版本属性</summary>[XmlAttribute("Version")]public string Version { get; set; } = "1.0.0.2";/// <summary>标志属性</summary>[XmlAttribute("Flags")]public string Flags { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>锁定标志</summary>[XmlElement("Locked")]public string Locked { get; set; } = "False";/// <summary>测站信息</summary>[XmlElement("Site_Information")]public Site_Information Site_Information { get; set; }/// <summary>测站流量</summary>[XmlElement("Site_Discharge")]public Site_Discharge Site_Discharge { get; set; }/// <summary>质量控制</summary>[XmlElement("QA_QC")]public QA_QC QA_QC { get; set; }/// <summary>采集数据</summary>[XmlElement("Collect_Data")]public Collect_Data Collect_Data { get; set; }/// <summary>显示设置</summary>[XmlElement("DisplaySettings")]public DisplaySettings DisplaySettings { get; set; }}

3.3 声明 Site_Information 对象

       /// <summary>测站信息</summary>public class Site_Information{/// <summary>类型</summary>[XmlAttribute("Type")]public string Type { get; set; } = "1";/// <summary>复选</summary>[XmlAttribute("Checked")]public string Checked { get; set; } = "1";/// <summary>类型</summary>[XmlAttribute("Status")]public string Status { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>错误</summary>[XmlAttribute("Error")]public string Error { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>测验单位</summary>public string Agency { get; set; }/// <summary>国家</summary>public string Country { get; set; }/// <summary>省</summary>public string State { get; set; }/// <summary>市</summary>public string County { get; set; }//省略其它信息代码}

3.4 声明 Site_Discharge 对象

        /// <summary>测站流量</summary>public class Site_Discharge{/// <summary>类型</summary>[XmlAttribute("Type")]public string Type { get; set; } = "2";/// <summary>复选</summary>[XmlAttribute("Checked")]public string Checked { get; set; } = "1";/// <summary>状态</summary>[XmlAttribute("Status")]public string Status { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>错误</summary>[XmlAttribute("Error")]public string Error { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>断面测回</summary>[XmlElement("Transect")]public List<Transect> Transect { get; set; }/// <summary>断面流量汇总</summary>[XmlElement("Discharge_Summary")]public Discharge_Summary Discharge_Summary { get; set; }}

3.5 声明 QA_QC 、Collect_Data 、DisplaySettings 对象

        /// <summary>质量控制</summary>public class QA_QC{ //省略其它内容代码}/// <summary>采集数据</summary>public class Collect_Data{//省略其它内容代码}/// <summary>显示设置</summary>public class DisplaySettings{  //省略其它内容代码}

3.6 声明 Transect 、 Discharge_Summary 、File 、Configuration 对象

        /// <summary>断面</summary>public class Transect{/// <summary>类型</summary>[XmlAttribute("Type")]public string Type { get; set; } = "5";/// <summary>复选</summary>[XmlAttribute("Checked")]public string Checked { get; set; } = "1";/// <summary>状态</summary>[XmlAttribute("Status")]public string Status { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>全选</summary>[XmlAttribute("SelectAll")]public string SelectAll { get; set; } = "1";/// <summary>第一集合</summary>[XmlAttribute("First")]public string First { get; set; }/// <summary>最后集合</summary>[XmlAttribute("Last")]public string Last { get; set; }/// <summary>错误</summary>[XmlAttribute("Error")]public string Error { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>文件</summary>[XmlElement("File")]public List<File> File { get; set; }/// <summary>配置</summary>[XmlElement("Configuration")]public List<Configuration> Configuration { get; set; }}/// <summary>文件</summary>public class File{/// <summary>路径名称</summary>[XmlAttribute("PathName")]public string PathName { get; set; }/// <summary>类型</summary>[XmlAttribute("Type")]public string Type { get; set; }/// <summary>断面号</summary>[XmlAttribute("TransectNmb")]public string TransectNmb { get; set; }/// <summary>名称</summary>[XmlText]public string Name { get; set; }}/// <summary>配置</summary>public class Configuration{/// <summary>类型</summary>[XmlAttribute("Type")]public string Type { get; set; } = "7";/// <summary>复选</summary>[XmlAttribute("Checked")]public string Checked { get; set; } = "1";/// <summary>状态</summary>[XmlAttribute("Status")]public string Status { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>错误</summary>[XmlAttribute("Error")]public string Error { get; set; } = "0";/// <summary>命令</summary>[XmlElement("Commands")]public Commands Commands { get; set; }/// <summary>声速仪</summary>[XmlElement("Depth_Sounder")]public Depth_Sounder Depth_Sounder { get; set; }/// <summary>外接罗经</summary>[XmlElement("Ext_Heading")]public Ext_Heading Ext_Heading { get; set; }/// <summary>GPS</summary>[XmlElement("GPS")]public GPS GPS { get; set; } = new GPS();/// <summary>流量</summary>[XmlElement("Discharge")]public Discharge Discharge { get; set; }/// <summary>边坡估算</summary>[XmlElement("Edge_Estimates")]public Edge_Estimates Edge_Estimates { get; set; }/// <summary>偏移量</summary>[XmlElement("Offsets")]public Offsets Offsets { get; set; }/// <summary>处理</summary>[XmlElement("Processing")]public Processing Processing { get; set; }/// <summary>记录</summary>[XmlElement("Recording")]public Recording Recording { get; set; }/// <summary>向导信息</summary>[XmlElement("Wizard_Info")]public Wizard_Info Wizard_Info { get; set; }/// <summary>DM过滤</summary>[XmlElement("DMFilter")]public DMFilter DMFilter { get; set; }}

3.7 其它省略内容的子类

       /// <summary>流量汇总</summary>public class Discharge_Summary { }/// <summary>命令</summary>public class Commands { }/// <summary>声速仪</summary>public class Depth_Sounder { }/// <summary>外接罗经</summary>public class Ext_Heading { }/// <summary>GPS</summary>public class GPS { }/// <summary>流量</summary>public class Discharge { }/// <summary>边坡估算</summary>public class Edge_Estimates { }/// <summary>偏移量</summary>public class Offsets { }/// <summary>处理</summary>public class Processing { }/// <summary>记录</summary>public class Recording { }/// <summary>向导信息</summary>public class Wizard_Info { }/// <summary>DM过滤</summary>public class DMFilter { }

3.8 测试创建项目文件(包含序列化和反序列化)

  public static void CreateFile(){WinRiver winRiver = new WinRiver();Project project = new Project{Name = "新文件.MMT",Version = "2.24.0.8",Locked = "False",Flags = "0"};Site_Information SiteInformation = new Site_Information{Type = "1",Checked = "1",Status = "0",Error = "0",Agency = "汉口水文分局",Country = "中国",County = "武汉市"};Site_Discharge SiteDischarge = new Site_Discharge{Type = "2",Checked = "1",Status = "0",Error = "0"};Transect Transect0 = new Transect{Type = "5",Checked = "1",Status = "0",SelectAll = "1",First = "0",Last = "0",Error = "0"};File FilePD0 = new File{PathName = "D:\\TEST\\新文件\\新文件_000.PD0",Type = "6",Name = "新文件_000.PD0",TransectNmb = "0"};File FileASC0 = new File{PathName = "D:\\TEST\\新文件\\新文件_000.ASC.TXT",Type = "14",Name = "新文件_000.ASC.TXT",TransectNmb = "0"};File FileEH0 = new File{PathName = "D:\\TEST\\新文件\\新文件_000.EH.TXT",Type = "13",Name = "新文件_000.EH.TXT",TransectNmb = "0"};File FileGPS0 = new File{PathName = "D:\\TEST\\新文件\\新文件_000.GPS.TXT",Type = "11",Name = "新文件_000.GPS.TXT",TransectNmb = "0"};Transect0.File = new List<File>{FilePD0,FileASC0,FileEH0,FileGPS0};Configuration configuration = new Configuration{Commands = new Commands(),Depth_Sounder = new Depth_Sounder(),Ext_Heading = new Ext_Heading(),Discharge = new Discharge(),Edge_Estimates = new Edge_Estimates(),Offsets = new Offsets(),Processing = new Processing(),Recording = new Recording(),Wizard_Info = new Wizard_Info(),DMFilter = new DMFilter()};Transect0.Configuration = new List<Configuration>{configuration};SiteDischarge.Transect = new List<Transect>{Transect0};SiteDischarge.Discharge_Summary = new Discharge_Summary();project.Site_Information = SiteInformation;project.Site_Discharge = SiteDischarge;QA_QC qA_QC = new QA_QC();Collect_Data collect_Data = new Collect_Data();DisplaySettings displaySettings = new DisplaySettings();project.QA_QC = qA_QC;project.Collect_Data = collect_Data;project.DisplaySettings = displaySettings;winRiver.Project = project;Console.WriteLine();Console.WriteLine("WinRiver对象序列化为XML字符串----------------控制台显示--------------------");string xml;XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(WinRiver));//序列化WinRiver对象XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();ns.Add("", "");//命名空间设为空，不显示 xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"using (StringWriter writer = new StringWriter()){serializer.Serialize(writer, winRiver, ns);//序列化为 StringWriter 的 xml 字符串xml = writer.ToString();Console.WriteLine(xml);//控制台显示}Console.WriteLine();Console.WriteLine("WinRiver对象序列化为XML文件--------------------------------------------");string ConfigFile = Environment.CurrentDirectory + "\\TestWinRiverMMT.XML";using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(ConfigFile, FileMode.Create)){serializer.Serialize(fileStream, winRiver, ns);//序列化为文件流FileStream，保存到文件}Console.WriteLine();Console.WriteLine("XML 字符串反序列化为 WinRiver 对象--------------------------------------");// 从XML反序列化为对象  WinRiver newWinRiver;using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(xml)){newWinRiver = (WinRiver)serializer.Deserialize(reader);//将 xml 字符串反序列化为WinRiver对象}Console.WriteLine(newWinRiver.Project.Name);//控制台显示WinRiver对象的值Console.WriteLine(newWinRiver.Project.Version);Console.WriteLine(newWinRiver.Project.Flags);Console.WriteLine(newWinRiver.Project.Locked);Console.WriteLine();Console.WriteLine("XML 文件反序列化为 WinRiver 对象--------------------------------------------");WinRiver New_WinRiver;XmlSerializer New_serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(WinRiver));// 创建XmlSerializer实例，指定要反序列化的类型using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(ConfigFile, FileMode.Open)){// 反序列化 XML 到AppConfig对象New_WinRiver = (WinRiver)New_serializer.Deserialize(fileStream);//将文件流反序列化为WinRiver对象}Console.WriteLine(New_WinRiver.Project.Name);Console.WriteLine(New_WinRiver.Project.Version);Console.WriteLine(New_WinRiver.Project.Flags);Console.WriteLine(New_WinRiver.Project.Locked);}

3.9 执行创建文件

    private void SaveProjectMenu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){WinRiverXML.CreateFile();}

3.10 输出 XML 效果

WinRiver对象序列化为XML字符串----------------控制台显示--------------------<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<WinRiver><Project Name="新文件.MMT" Version="2.24.0.8" Flags="0"><Locked>False</Locked><Site_Information Type="1" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><Agency>汉口水文分局</Agency><Country>中国</Country><County>武汉市</County></Site_Information><Site_Discharge Type="2" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><Transect Type="5" Checked="1" Status="0" SelectAll="1" First="0" Last="0" Error="0"><File PathName="D:\TEST\新文件\新文件_000.PD0" Type="6" TransectNmb="0">新文件_000.PD0</File><File PathName="D:\TEST\新文件\新文件_000.ASC.TXT" Type="14" TransectNmb="0">新文件_000.ASC.TXT</File><File PathName="D:\TEST\新文件\新文件_000.EH.TXT" Type="13" TransectNmb="0">新文件_000.EH.TXT</File><File PathName="D:\TEST\新文件\新文件_000.GPS.TXT" Type="11" TransectNmb="0">新文件_000.GPS.TXT</File><Configuration Type="7" Checked="1" Status="0" Error="0"><Commands /><Depth_Sounder /><Ext_Heading /><GPS /><Discharge /><Edge_Estimates /><Offsets /><Processing /><Recording /><Wizard_Info /><DMFilter /></Configuration></Transect><Discharge_Summary /></Site_Discharge><QA_QC /><Collect_Data /><DisplaySettings /></Project>
</WinRiver>WinRiver对象序列化为XML文件--------------------------------------------XML 字符串反序列化为 WinRiver 对象--------------------------------------
新文件.MMT
2.24.0.8
0
FalseXML 文件反序列化为 WinRiver 对象--------------------------------------------
新文件.MMT
2.24.0.8
0
False

四、说明

为了减少篇幅，以上代码省略部分，可以自行类推添加完整。程序在框架 .NET Framework、C# 2017编程环境下，测试正确完成。

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