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STM32F4 PWM 配置程序

backend 2025/5/7 10:10:35

以下是一个基于STM32F4系列微控制器的PWM配置示例程序，使用标准外设库（Standard Peripheral Library）配置TIM3的通道1（PA6）输出PWM信号。

硬件连接

PWM输出引脚：PA6 (TIM3_CH1)
使用TIM3定时器

程序代码

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_gpio.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_rcc.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_tim.h"void PWM_Init(void)
{GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct;TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStruct;// 1. 使能时钟RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);// 2. 配置GPIOGPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6;              // PA6GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;            // 复用功能GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz;      // 100MHzGPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;          // 推挽输出GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;            // 上拉GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);// 将PA6连接到TIM3_CH1GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource6, GPIO_AF_TIM3);// 3. 配置定时器基本参数TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Prescaler = 84 - 1;       // 84MHz/84 = 1MHzTIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Period = 1000 - 1;        // 1MHz/1000 = 1kHz PWM频率TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct);// 4. 配置PWM模式TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_Pulse = 500;                    // 初始占空比50% (500/1000)TIM_OC1Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStruct);TIM_OC1PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);// 5. 使能定时器TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, ENABLE);TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);
}// 修改PWM占空比
void PWM_SetDutyCycle(uint16_t dutyCycle)
{// dutyCycle范围: 0-1000 (对应0-100%)TIM_SetCompare1(TIM3, dutyCycle);
}int main(void)
{PWM_Init();while(1){// 示例：逐渐改变占空比for(int i = 0; i <= 1000; i += 10){PWM_SetDutyCycle(i);for(int j = 0; j < 100000; j++); // 简单延时}for(int i = 1000; i >= 0; i -= 10){PWM_SetDutyCycle(i);for(int j = 0; j < 100000; j++); // 简单延时}}
}

关键参数说明

时钟配置：
- STM32F4主频通常为168MHz，APB1定时器时钟为84MHz
- 预分频值84-1，将84MHz分频为1MHz
PWM频率：
- 由TIM_Period决定：1MHz/1000 = 1kHz PWM频率
- 若要改变频率，调整TIM_Period值
占空比：
- 通过TIM_SetCompare1()函数设置，范围0-TIM_Period
- 示例中初始占空比为50%（500/1000）

使用HAL库的版本

如果你使用HAL库，配置代码如下：

#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"TIM_HandleTypeDef htim3;
TIM_OC_InitTypeDef sConfigOC;void PWM_Init(void)
{// 1. 使能时钟__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_TIM3_CLK_ENABLE();// 2. 配置GPIOGPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6;GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF2_TIM3;HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);// 3. 配置定时器htim3.Instance = TIM3;htim3.Init.Prescaler = 84-1;htim3.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;htim3.Init.Period = 1000-1;htim3.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&htim3);// 4. 配置PWM通道sConfigOC.OCMode = TIM_OCMODE_PWM1;sConfigOC.Pulse = 500; // 初始占空比50%sConfigOC.OCPolarity = TIM_OCPOLARITY_HIGH;sConfigOC.OCFastMode = TIM_OCFAST_DISABLE;HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim3, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_1);// 5. 启动PWMHAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim3, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
}// 修改占空比
void PWM_SetDutyCycle(uint16_t dutyCycle)
{sConfigOC.Pulse = dutyCycle;HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim3, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_1);HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim3, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
}