【解决】rpm 包安装成功，但目录不存在问题

开发平台：RedHat 8
 

一、问题描述

[root@proxy ~]# rpmbuild -ba /root/rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec                           # rpmbuild 制作 .rpm 包
[root@proxy ~]# yum -y install /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.22.1-1.x86_64.rpm    # 安装 .rpm包
...
[root@proxy ~]# ls /usr/local/ 
bin  etc  games  include  inotify-tools-3.13  lib  lib64  libexec  maven  sbin  share  src  tomcat  tools

问题：使用自建.rpm包，配置安装至 /usr/local/nginx/ 下。但 yum 安装提示安装成功，却在本地查询无该目录！

• 二次确认安装结果与一次结果一致。
   

二、环境概述

[root@proxy ~]# yum -y install rpm-build                 # rpmbuild 工具包
[root@proxy ~]# vim /root/rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec      # nginx.spec
Name:nginx
...
Source:nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz
...
%files
%doc
/usr/local/nginx/*                 # 设置安装目录
...
[root@proxy ~]# rpmbuild -ba /root/rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec 

检查 rpm 数据库

[root@proxy ~]# rpm -qlp /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.22.1-1.x86_64.rpm 
/usr/lib/.build-id
/usr/lib/.build-id/25
/usr/lib/.build-id/25/fd32a8bee216c57c1b4a569c7c74df723eeb3f
/usr/local/nginx/conf
/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf
/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default
/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default
/usr/local/nginx/conf/koi-utf
/usr/local/nginx/conf/koi-win
/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types
/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default
/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params
/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default
/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params
/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default
/usr/local/nginx/conf/win-utf
/usr/local/nginx/html
/usr/local/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
/usr/local/nginx/logs
/usr/local/nginx/sbin
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

问题追溯：rpm 数据库与实际文件系统不一致。即 RPM数据库记录已安装文件，但实际文件系统中该目录被删除或未创建。
 

三、解决方法

[root@proxy ~]# rpm --rebuilddb     # 重构rpm数据库 
[root@proxy ~]# yum -y install /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.22.1-1.x86_64.rpm
或
[root@proxy ~]# yum -y reinstall /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/nginx-1.22.1-1.x86_64.rpm